Workbear재주넘는곰
대법원 2020두54852

Revocation of Reexamination Decision on Remedy for Unfair Dismissal부당해고구제재심판정취소

Decided2022. 07. 14. Court대법원Case remanded (originally in worker's favor at lower court, reversed and remanded by Supreme Court in employer's favor)
AI-generated English translation (summary, key points, decision summary and full text) for reference only — not an official translation and without legal effect. The Korean original below is authoritative.
AI Easy read — AI summary of this decision
AI-generated summary for reference only — the Korean original below is authoritative.

A worker who had been employed at a barbershop located on a military base was dismissed when the barbershop closed down. The worker then filed an application for remedy for unfair dismissal (부당해고 구제신청) with the Labor Relations Commission. However, since the workplace had already been shut down by the time the application was filed, the worker had already lost his status as an employee, and the Supreme Court held that his interest in obtaining a remedial order had ceased to exist.

Key takeaways
  • CaseA worker at a military base barbershop was dismissed when the barbershop closed, and filed an unfair dismissal remedy application after the workplace had already shut down.
  • OutcomeThe Supreme Court ruled that because the workplace had already closed by the time the remedy application was filed, the worker had lost employee status and therefore had no legal interest in receiving a remedial order.
  • LessonWorkers should file unfair dismissal remedy applications promptly, before the workplace closes; once closed, alternative remedies such as civil litigation should be pursued instead.
Issues
  • Whether the worker's interest in remedy is extinguished when the workplace was already closed at the time the unfair dismissal remedy application was filed
  • The scope within which the right to file a remedy application is recognized after the employment relationship has already terminated
Key reasoning

When an employment relationship has already terminated—due to retirement age, contract expiration, business closure, or similar reasons—before a worker files an application for remedy for unfair dismissal, the worker's legal interest in receiving a remedial order (구제명령) from the Labor Relations Commission is extinguished. This is because the unfair dismissal remedy system is fundamentally designed to protect workers who are still in an active employment relationship, not to serve as a vehicle for seeking retrospective compensation for damages already incurred. Using the remedy procedure merely to claim back pay or damages after the employment relationship has already ended falls outside the system's intended purpose. Therefore, once the workplace itself had closed and the worker was no longer in an employment relationship at the time the remedy application was filed, no valid interest in relief remained.

Summary of Decision (English, AI translation)

If, at the time an employee applies for remedy for unfair dismissal, the employment relationship has already terminated—because the employee has already reached the retirement age, the term of the employment contract has expired, the business has closed, or for similar reasons—so that the employee has already lost the status of employee, it is reasonable to hold that the interest in obtaining a remedial order from the Labor Relations Commission has been extinguished.

Full text (English, AI translation) 13,969 chars

[Plaintiff, Appellee] Plaintiff (Attorneys Han Seong-ho and 1 other, Counsel for the plaintiff)
[Defendant, Appellant] Chairperson of the National Labor Relations Commission
[Intervenor for the Defendant] Republic of Korea
[Judgment Below] Seoul High Court Decision 2020Nu34591 dated October 30, 2020

[Order]

The judgment below is reversed, and the case is remanded to the Seoul High Court.

[Reasoning] The grounds of appeal are examined.

1. Case Overview
According to the reasoning of the judgment below and the records, the following facts are established.

A. On August 20, 2014, the Plaintiff entered into an employment contract (hereinafter "the instant contract") with the Commander of the Army ○○○○○ Division, representing the Intervenor for the Defendant (hereinafter "the Intervenor"), including the following terms, and performed hairdressing duties for officers affiliated with the Headquarters Support Company of the Army ○○○○○ Division located at (address omitted).
(1) Employment contract period: from August 20, 2014 to August 19, 2015
(2) Type of work (occupation): Division Officers' Barbershop (Hairdresser)
(3) Place of work and department: Division Officers' Barbershop/Headquarters Support Company
(4) Duties to be performed during the employment period: Hairdressing services for division officers
(5) The above place of work and duties to be performed may be changed with the consent of the employee according to the employer's business circumstances, and the employee shall faithfully comply with such changes.

B. The Plaintiff continued to work while renewing the instant contract each year, and on August 20, 2016, upon renewal, changed it to an employment contract without a fixed term.

C. On April 27, 2018, the Plaintiff was notified by the Army ○○○○○ Division of dismissal (effective May 31, 2018) on the ground that it had been decided to close the Officers' Barbershop due to deteriorating profitability (hereinafter "the instant dismissal"), and the Army ○○○○○ Division closed the Division Officers' Barbershop on May 31, 2018.

D. On June 15, 2018, the Plaintiff filed an application for remedy with the Gyeongnam Regional Labor Relations Commission against the Army ○○○○○ Division, asserting that the instant dismissal was unfair, and on July 20, 2018, amended the respondent to the Intervenor. On August 27, 2018, the Gyeongnam Regional Labor Relations Commission dismissed the Plaintiff's application for remedy on the ground that the interest in relief had been extinguished because there was no workplace to which the Plaintiff could be reinstated. On December 31, 2018, the National Labor Relations Commission dismissed the Plaintiff's application for reexamination on the same grounds as the initial decision (hereinafter "the instant reexamination decision").

2. Judgment of the Court Below
The court below, for the reasons stated in its judgment, determined that the entire Officers' Barbershop business of the Army ○○○○○ Division had been abolished, and then, for the following reasons, granted the Plaintiff's claim seeking revocation of the instant reexamination decision.

Even where an employee, having filed an application for remedy for unfair dismissal and disputing the validity of the dismissal, becomes unable to be reinstated to his or her original position due to reasons such as reaching the retirement age or expiration of the employment contract term, if there remains a need for the employee to receive an amount equivalent to wages for the period of dismissal, the interest in obtaining a remedy order for payment of an amount equivalent to wages should be deemed to continue. Therefore, even if the Plaintiff has become unable to be reinstated to his original position because the Officers' Barbershop where he worked was closed and no workplace remains to which he could be reinstated, if the instant dismissal is void and the Plaintiff has a need to receive from the Intervenor an amount equivalent to wages for the period of dismissal, the interest in obtaining a remedy order for payment of an amount equivalent to wages continues to exist.

3. Judgment of the Supreme Court
The judgment of the court below cannot be accepted, for the following reasons.

A. Relevant Legal Principles
Where, at the time an employee files an application for remedy for unfair dismissal, the employment relationship has already terminated and the employee has already ceased to hold the status of an employee due to reasons such as reaching the retirement age, expiration of the employment contract term, or business closure, it is proper to hold that the interest in obtaining a remedy order from the Labor Relations Commission has been extinguished. The reasons are as follows.

(1) The system of remedy orders for unfair dismissal, etc., as provided in Article 28 and subsequent provisions of the Labor Standards Act (근로기준법, hereinafter, when abbreviated, "the Act"), is institutionally intended to provide a more prompt, simple, economical, and flexible means of relief, compared to the ordinary means of relief through civil litigation, for status-related and economic disadvantages suffered by an employee as a result of the employer's exercise of disciplinary or personnel authority, such as dismissal, suspension without pay, disciplinary suspension, reassignment, wage reduction, and other punitive measures. Therefore, if an employee has already ceased to hold employee status at the time of filing an application for remedy for unfair dismissal, etc., using the administrative remedy procedure for the purpose of being compensated for damages arising from a past unfair dismissal, etc., must be regarded as exceeding the original scope of protection intended by the remedy order system for unfair dismissal, etc.

(2) Article 28(1) of the Act provides that "if an employer commits an unfair dismissal, etc. against an employee, the employee may apply to the Labor Relations Commission for remedy," thereby granting the right to apply for remedy to an "employee." Since an employee refers to a person who provides labor to a business or workplace for the purpose of earning wages, regardless of the type of occupation (Article 2(1)(1) of the Act), where the employment contract relationship has already terminated for other reasons at the time of filing an application for remedy for unfair dismissal, etc., such a person can no longer be regarded as holding the status of an employee as defined by the Act, and it is difficult to interpret that the mere fact that an employment contract relationship existed with the employer prior to filing the application for remedy for unfair dismissal, etc. is sufficient to include such a person within the scope of "employee."

(3) When the Labor Relations Commission concludes the examination following an application for remedy for unfair dismissal, etc. and determines that unfair dismissal, etc. has occurred, it must issue a remedy order to the employer (Article 30(1) of the Act). Once a remedy order is issued, the employer bears a public law obligation to comply with it, and if the employer fails to comply, a compulsory performance charge of up to KRW 30 million may be imposed (Article 33 of the Act), and an employer who fails to comply with a finalized remedy order is subject to criminal punishment (Article 111 of the Act).

Since an administrative disposition that is disadvantageous to a party restricts the rights and interests of, or imposes obligations on, the counterpart, the administrative statutes forming its basis must be interpreted and applied more strictly in accordance with the constitutionally required principle of clarity, and expansive interpretation or analogical interpretation unfavorable to the counterpart of the administrative disposition is not permissible (see, e.g., Supreme Court Decision 2021Du43491 decided November 11, 2021). Accordingly, recognizing an employee's interest in relief even where the employment contract relationship had already terminated at the time of filing an application for remedy for unfair dismissal, etc., thereby expanding the scope of the employer's public law obligations or criminal liability, may be contrary to the aforementioned principles of interpretation of administrative statutes.

(4) The Supreme Court en banc Decision 2019Du52386 decided February 20, 2020 held that even where an employee, having filed a lawsuit challenging a reexamination decision dismissing an application for remedy for unfair dismissal and disputing the validity of the dismissal, becomes unable to be reinstated to the original position due to reasons such as reaching the retirement age or expiration of the employment contract term, if there remains a need for the employee to receive an amount equivalent to wages for the period of dismissal, the interest in the lawsuit for obtaining a remedy order for payment of an amount equivalent to wages continues to exist. Therefore, it cannot be said that the above legal principle applies as is to a case where the employee had already ceased to hold employee status even before filing the application for remedy for unfair dismissal, etc.

(5) Even from the perspective of employee protection or procedural economy, while it would not be desirable to exclude an applicant from the remedy procedure or to render meaningless the investigation conducted by the Labor Relations Commission and the decision made based on the results of such investigation, merely because the employment contract relationship terminated in the middle of the process after the employee sought prompt relief through the administrative remedy procedure, such considerations carry little weight where the employment contract relationship had already terminated at the time of filing the application for remedy. It is sufficiently reasonable to differentiate the determination of the interest in seeking a remedy order depending on whether the termination of the employment contract relationship occurred before or after the filing of the application for remedy.

(6) The Labor Standards Act (as amended by Act No. 18176 on May 18, 2021) newly established Article 30(4), which provides: "The Labor Relations Commission shall issue a remedy order or a dismissal decision under paragraph (1) even where reinstatement to the original position (or restoration to the original state, in cases other than dismissal) is impossible for the employee due to the expiration of the employment contract term, arrival of the retirement age, etc. In such cases, if the Labor Relations Commission determines that unfair dismissal, etc. has occurred, it may order the employer to pay the employee money or goods equivalent to the wages the employee would have received had he or she provided labor during the period of dismissal (or money or goods equivalent to restoration to the original state, in cases other than dismissal)." This provision is intended to recognize an employee's interest in obtaining a remedy order for payment of an amount equivalent to wages even where reinstatement to the original position becomes impossible during the remedy procedure for unfair dismissal, etc. due to the expiration of the employment contract term, arrival of the retirement age, etc., and it should not be interpreted to mean that the interest in relief must also be recognized where the employment contract relationship had already been extinguished, and the employee had already ceased to hold employee status, at the time of filing the application for remedy.

B. As to the Instant Case
The Plaintiff was dismissed on May 31, 2018, and filed an application for remedy for unfair dismissal with the Gyeongnam Regional Labor Relations Commission on June 15, 2018; however, the Intervenor had already closed the Army ○○○○○ Division Officers' Barbershop on May 31, 2018. In light of the legal principles set forth above, if the employment contract relationship between the Plaintiff and the Intervenor had already terminated due to business closure at the time the Plaintiff filed the application for remedy for unfair dismissal, the Plaintiff's interest in obtaining a remedy order cannot be recognized. Accordingly, the court below should have examined whether there were circumstances sufficient to recognize that the Intervenor's abolition of the Army ○○○○○ Division Officers' Barbershop business was equivalent to a business closure, and if such circumstances existed, whether the timing of the business closure preceded the Plaintiff's application for remedy, and thereby determined whether the Plaintiff had an interest in obtaining a remedy order. However, the court below, based solely on the reasons stated in its judgment, premised that the abolition of the entire Officers' Barbershop business of the Army ○○○○○ Division constituted a ground for termination of the employment contract relationship equivalent to the closure of the entire business, and then determined that even if the Division Officers' Barbershop was closed on May 31, 2018, rendering the Plaintiff's reinstatement to the original position impossible, the Plaintiff had an interest in obtaining a remedy order if the instant dismissal was void and the Plaintiff had a need to receive from the Intervenor an amount equivalent to wages for the period of dismissal. This judgment of the court below contains an error of misapprehending the legal principles concerning the interest in obtaining a remedy order without conducting the necessary examination. The ground of appeal pointing this out is well-founded.

4. Conclusion
Therefore, without examining the remaining grounds of appeal, the judgment below is reversed, and the case is remanded to the court below for further hearing and determination. This judgment is rendered by the unanimous opinion of the Justices participating in the decision, as set forth in the Order.

Justice Park Jeong-hwa (Presiding Justice), Kim Seon-su, Noh Tae-ak (Justice in charge), Oh Kyung-mi

【판결요지】

근로자가 부당해고 구제신청을 할 당시 이미 정년에 이르거나 근로계약기간 만료, 폐업 등의 사유로 근로계약관계가 종료하여 근로자의 지위에서 벗어난 경우에는 노동위원회의 구제명령을 받을 이익이 소멸하였다고 보는 것이 타당하다.

【참조조문】

근로기준법 제2조 제1항 제1호, 제28조, 제30조

【주문】·【이유】 전문 4,861자 · 펼쳐 보기

【원고, 피상고인】 원고 (소송대리인 변호사 한성호 외 1인)

【피고, 상고인】 중앙노동위원회위원장

【피고보조참가인】 대한민국

【원심판결】 서울고법 2020. 10. 30. 선고 2020누34591 판결

【주 문】

원심판결을 파기하고, 사건을 서울고등법원에 환송한다.

【이 유】 상고이유를 판단한다.

1. 사건 개요

원심판결 이유와 기록에 따르면 다음 사실을 알 수 있다.

가. 원고는 2014. 8. 20. 피고보조참가인(이하 ‘참가인’이라 한다)을 대표한 육군 ○○○○○사단장과 아래와 같은 내용을 포함한 근로계약(이하 ‘이 사건 계약’이라 한다)을 체결하고 (주소 생략)에 있는 육군 ○○○○○사단 본부근무대에서 그곳 소속 간부들을 대상으로 미용업무를 수행하였다.

(1) 근로계약기간: 2014. 8. 20.부터 2015. 8. 19.까지

(2) 근무형태(직종): 사단 간부이발소(미용사)

(3) 근무장소 및 부서: 사단 간부이발소/본부근무대

(4) 채용기간 중 수행하여야 할 업무: 사단 간부 미용업무 담당

(5) 상기 근무장소 및 수행업무 내용은 고용인의 업무 여건 등에 따라 피고용인의 동의하에 변경될 수 있으며 이를 성실히 이행하여야 한다.

나. 원고는 이 사건 계약을 매년 갱신하며 계속 근무하다가 2016. 8. 20. 이 사건 계약을 갱신하면서 기간의 정함이 없는 근로계약으로 변경하였다.

다. 원고는 2018. 4. 27. 육군 ○○○○○사단으로부터 간부이발소의 수익성이 악화되어 폐쇄하기로 결정하였다는 이유로 해고(해고일자 2018. 5. 31.)를 통보받았고(이하 ‘이 사건 해고’라 한다), 육군 ○○○○○사단은 2018. 5. 31. 사단 간부이발소를 폐쇄하였다.

라. 원고는 2018. 6. 15. 경남지방노동위원회에 육군 ○○○○○사단을 상대로 이 사건 해고가 부당해고라고 주장하며 구제를 신청하였다가 2018. 7. 20. 참가인으로 피신청인을 경정하였다. 경남지방노동위원회는 2018. 8. 27. 원고를 복직시킬 사업장이 없어져 구제이익이 소멸하였다는 이유로 원고의 구제신청을 각하하였다. 중앙노동위원회는 2018. 12. 31. 초심판정과 같은 이유로 원고의 재심신청을 기각하였다(이하 ‘이 사건 재심판정’이라 한다).

2. 원심의 판단

원심은 그 판시와 같은 이유로 육군 ○○○○○사단의 간부이발소 사업 전체가 폐지되었다고 본 다음 아래와 같은 이유로 원고의 이 사건 재심판정 취소청구를 인용하였다.

근로자가 부당해고 구제신청을 하여 해고의 효력을 다투던 중 정년에 이르거나 근로계약기간이 만료하는 등의 사유로 원직에 복직하는 것이 불가능하게 된 경우에도 해고기간 중의 임금 상당액을 지급받을 필요가 있다면 임금 상당액 지급의 구제명령을 받을 이익이 유지된다고 보아야 한다. 따라서 설령 원고가 근무하던 간부이발소가 폐쇄됨에 따라 복직시킬 사업장이 남아 있지 않은 등의 이유로 원직에 복직하는 것이 불가능하게 되었다고 하더라도, 이 사건 해고가 무효여서 원고가 참가인으로부터 해고기간 중의 임금 상당액을 지급받을 필요가 있다면 임금 상당액 지급의 구제명령을 받을 이익이 유지된다는 것이다.

3. 대법원의 판단

원심의 판단은 다음과 같은 이유로 받아들일 수 없다.

가. 관련 법리

근로자가 부당해고 구제신청을 할 당시 이미 정년에 이르거나 근로계약기간 만료, 폐업 등의 사유로 근로계약관계가 종료하여 근로자의 지위에서 벗어난 경우에는 노동위원회의 구제명령을 받을 이익이 소멸하였다고 봄이 타당하다. 그 이유는 다음과 같다.

(1) 근로기준법(이하 줄여 쓸 때에는 ‘법’이라 한다) 제28조 이하에서 정한 부당해고 등 구제명령제도는 해고, 휴직, 정직, 전직, 감봉, 그 밖의 징벌 등과 같이 사용자의 징계권 내지 인사권의 행사로 인해 근로자에게 발생한 신분상·경제적 불이익에 대하여, 민사소송을 통한 통상적인 권리구제방법보다 좀 더 신속·간이하고 경제적이며 탄력적인 권리구제수단을 마련하는 데에 그 제도적 취지가 있다. 따라서 부당해고 등 구제신청을 할 당시 이미 근로자의 지위에서 벗어난 경우라면, 과거의 부당해고 등으로 인한 손해를 보상받을 목적으로 행정적 구제절차를 이용하는 것은 부당해고 등 구제명령제도 본래의 보호범위를 벗어난 것으로 보아야 한다.

(2) 법 제28조 제1항은 "사용자가 근로자에게 부당해고 등을 하면 근로자는 노동위원회에 구제를 신청할 수 있다."라고 규정하여 ‘근로자’에게 구제신청권을 부여하고 있다. 근로자란 직업의 종류와 관계없이 임금을 목적으로 사업이나 사업장에 근로를 제공하는 사람을 말하므로(법 제2조 제1항 제1호), 부당해고 등 구제신청을 할 당시 이미 다른 사유로 근로계약관계가 종료한 경우에는 더 이상 법에서 정한 근로자의 지위에 있다고 볼 수 없고, 부당해고 등 구제신청을 하기 전에 그 사용자와 사이에 근로계약관계가 있었다는 사정만으로 근로자의 범위에 포함된다고 해석하기는 어렵다.

(3) 노동위원회는 부당해고 등 구제신청에 따른 심문을 끝내고 부당해고 등이 성립한다고 판정하면 사용자에게 구제명령을 하여야 한다(법 제30조 제1항). 구제명령이 내려지면 사용자는 이를 이행하여야 할 공법상의 의무를 부담하고, 이행하지 아니할 경우에는 3천만 원 이하의 이행강제금이 부과되며(법 제33조), 확정된 구제명령을 이행하지 아니한 사용자는 형사처벌의 대상이 된다(법 제111조).

침익적 행정처분은 상대방의 권익을 제한하거나 상대방에게 의무를 부과하는 것이므로 헌법상 요구되는 명확성의 원칙에 따라 그 근거가 되는 행정법규를 더욱 엄격하게 해석·적용해야 하고, 행정처분의 상대방에게 지나치게 불리한 방향으로 확대해석이나 유추해석을 할 수 없으므로(대법원 2021. 11. 11. 선고 2021두43491 판결 등 참조), 부당해고 등 구제신청을 할 당시 이미 근로계약관계가 종료한 경우에도 근로자의 구제이익을 인정하여 사용자에게 공법상 의무의 부과 또는 형사처벌의 범위를 확대하는 것은 위와 같은 행정법규 해석 원칙 등에 반할 우려가 있다.

(4) 대법원 2020. 2. 20. 선고 2019두52386 전원합의체 판결은 근로자가 부당해고 구제신청을 기각한 재심판정에 대해 소를 제기하여 해고의 효력을 다투던 중 정년에 이르거나 근로계약기간이 만료하는 등의 사유로 원직에 복직하는 것이 불가능하게 된 경우에도 해고기간 중의 임금 상당액을 지급받을 필요가 있다면 임금 상당액 지급의 구제명령을 받을 소의 이익이 유지된다는 취지이다. 따라서 근로자가 부당해고 등 구제신청을 하기 전에 이미 근로자의 지위에서 벗어난 경우까지 위와 같은 법리가 그대로 적용된다고 할 수 없다.

(5) 근로자의 보호나 절차경제적 측면에서 보더라도, 근로자가 신속한 구제를 받기 위해 행정적 구제절차를 이용했는데 중간에 근로계약관계가 종료되었다는 이유로 그 신청인을 구제절차에서 배제하거나 그동안 노동위원회가 진행한 조사나 그 조사결과를 토대로 내린 판정을 모두 무위로 돌리는 것은 바람직하지 않을 것이나, 구제신청 당시 이미 근로계약관계가 종료된 경우에는 그러한 고려를 할 필요성이 크지 않다. 근로계약관계가 종료된 시점을 구제신청 이전과 이후로 구분하여 구제명령을 구할 이익의 판단을 달리 하는 것은 충분히 합리적이다.

(6) 근로기준법(2021. 5. 18. 법률 제18176호로 개정된 것)은 제30조 제4항으로 "노동위원회는 근로계약기간의 만료, 정년의 도래 등으로 근로자가 원직복직(해고 이외의 경우는 원상회복을 말한다)이 불가능한 경우에도 제1항에 따른 구제명령이나 기각결정을 하여야 한다. 이 경우 노동위원회는 부당해고 등이 성립한다고 판정하면 근로자가 해고기간 동안 근로를 제공하였더라면 받을 수 있었던 임금 상당액에 해당하는 금품(해고 이외의 경우에는 원상회복에 준하는 금품을 말한다)을 사업주가 근로자에게 지급하도록 명할 수 있다."라는 조항을 신설하였다. 위 조항은 부당해고 등 구제절차 도중 근로계약기간의 만료, 정년의 도래 등으로 근로자의 원직복직이 불가능한 경우에도 근로자에게 임금 상당액 지급의 구제명령을 받을 이익을 인정해야 한다는 취지이고, 구제신청 당시 이미 근로계약관계가 소멸하여 근로자의 지위에서 벗어난 경우에까지 구제이익을 인정해야 한다는 의미로는 해석되지 않는다.

나. 이 사건의 경우

원고는 2018. 5. 31. 해고된 후 2018. 6. 15. 경남지방노동위원회에 부당해고 구제신청을 하였으나, 참가인은 2018. 5. 31. 육군 ○○○○○사단 간부이발소를 폐쇄하였다. 위에서 본 법리에 비추어 원고가 부당해고 구제신청을 할 당시 이미 폐업으로 원고와 참가인의 근로계약관계가 종료하였다면 원고에게 구제명령을 받을 이익을 인정할 수 없으므로, 원심으로서는 참가인의 육군 ○○○○○사단 간부이발소 사업 폐지가 폐업과 같다고 인정할 만한 사정이 있는지, 그러한 사정이 있는 경우 폐업 시기가 원고의 구제신청보다 앞서는지 여부 등을 심리하여 원고에게 구제명령을 받을 이익이 있는지 판단하였어야 한다. 그런데 원심은 그 판시와 같은 이유만으로 육군 ○○○○○사단 간부이발소 사업 전체의 폐지는 사업체 전부의 폐업과 마찬가지로 근로계약관계 종료사유에 해당한다고 전제한 다음, 설령 2018. 5. 31. 사단 간부이발소가 폐쇄되어 원고가 원직에 복직하는 것이 불가능하게 되었더라도 이 사건 해고가 무효라서 참가인으로부터 해고기간 중의 임금 상당액을 지급받을 필요가 있다면 원고에게 구제명령을 받을 이익이 있다고 판단하였다. 이러한 원심의 판단에는 필요한 심리를 다하지 아니한 채 구제명령을 받을 이익에 관한 법리를 오해한 잘못이 있다. 이를 지적하는 취지의 상고이유 주장은 이유 있다.

4. 결론

그러므로 나머지 상고이유에 관한 판단을 생략한 채 원심판결을 파기하고 사건을 다시 심리·판단하도록 원심법원에 환송하기로 하여, 관여 대법관의 일치된 의견으로 주문과 같이 판결한다.

대법관 박정화(재판장) 김선수 노태악(주심) 오경미

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