Workbear재주넘는곰
대법원 90다6545

Severance Pay, etc. (퇴직금등)퇴직금등

Decided1991. 03. 22. Court대법원Worker won (Case remanded to lower court for recalculation of wages and recognition of continuous employment)
AI-generated English translation (summary, key points, decision summary and full text) for reference only — not an official translation and without legal effect. The Korean original below is authoritative.
AI Easy read — AI summary of this decision
AI-generated summary for reference only — the Korean original below is authoritative.

This Supreme Court case addressed two labor law issues: whether overlapping holiday work (휴일근로) and overtime work (시간외근로) each require separate premium wage payments, and whether a formal resignation and re-hiring between affiliated companies (계열기업) — where the employee actually continued the same job — severs the employment relationship. The Supreme Court held that both types of premium wages must be paid separately when they overlap, and that the formal resignation/re-hiring arrangement was void as a sham transaction (통정허위표시) since the work continued substantially unchanged, meaning the employment relationship was never actually broken. The Court reversed part of the lower court's decision and remanded the case (파기환송).

Key takeaways
  • CaseAn employee worked overtime hours that fell on a holiday, but the employer failed to pay both premium wages separately, and when the employee was transferred between affiliated companies, the employer processed it as a formal resignation and re-hiring, which cut off the employee's accumulated years of service.
  • OutcomeThe Supreme Court ruled that holiday pay and overtime pay must be calculated and paid as separate, additive premiums, and that since the employee continued performing substantially the same job, the employment relationship was not legally interrupted by the formal resignation and re-hiring.
  • LessonEmployers must pay both holiday and overtime premium wages in full when they overlap, and when moving employees between affiliated companies, the employee's actual continuity of work — not just paperwork — must be used to determine and preserve their years of service.
Issues
  • How should premium (additional) wages be calculated when holiday work and overtime work overlap on the same day?
  • Does a formal resignation and re-hiring between affiliated companies interrupt the continuity of the employment relationship when the employee's actual duties remain unchanged?
Key reasoning

When holiday work and overtime work occur on the same day (i.e., a worker works overtime hours that fall on a designated holiday), the employer must calculate and pay premium wages for each category separately, rather than treating them as a single overlapping payment. Regarding the employment relationship, the Court found that when a company restructures its organization and moves an employee to an affiliated company, having the employee formally resign and then be 're-hired' by the affiliate — while the employee performs substantially the same duties without any real break in employment — constitutes a sham transaction (통정허위표시) under civil law. Because such an arrangement does not reflect the true intent of the parties and is merely a formality to reset the employee's seniority or years of service, it is legally void. Consequently, the employee's continuous years of service and employment relationship must be recognized as unbroken across the formal transition.

Summary of Decision (English, AI translation)

[1] Where holiday work and overtime work overlap, the premium wage for holiday work and the premium wage for overtime work must each be calculated and added separately.

[2] If, in the course of an organizational change, etc. between the head office and its affiliated company, which are separate corporate entities, an employee formally submits a resignation letter and takes the form of joining the separate corporate entity for the operational convenience of the company, while in substance continuing to perform the same duties before and after the organizational change, then the said interim resignation is null and void as a false declaration made by collusion (통정허위표시). Furthermore, even if the human and material organization of an enterprise is absorbed and integrated, or an organizational change occurs, so long as the enterprise itself continues to exist while maintaining its identity without being abolished, this amounts to nothing more than a change of the managing entity, and the employment relationship is succeeded to by the new managing entity. Accordingly, the substantive employment relationship must be deemed to have continued without interruption by such interim resignation.

Full text (English, AI translation) 12,564 chars

[Plaintiffs, Appellants] Plaintiff 1 and 1 other; Plaintiffs' Attorney: Oh Seung-geun

[Defendant, Appellee] Kangwon Industries Co., Ltd.

[Judgment Below] Seoul High Court Decision 90Na2736, decided August 22, 1990

[Order]

The part of the judgment below against the Plaintiffs is reversed, and this part of the case is remanded to the Seoul High Court.

[Reasoning] As to the grounds of appeal by the Plaintiffs' attorney

1. As to the Plaintiffs' claim for statutory allowances in this case, the court below, citing the first instance judgment, held as follows. The Plaintiffs asserted that, during the period from April 1985 to January 1988 for which they claimed statutory allowances, they performed a certain number of days of holiday work in addition to normal work, and that on all days they reported to work, they worked 12 hours a day from 06:00 to 19:00, excluding 1 hour for meals and rest, in accordance with the Defendant's instructions, thereby working 4 hours in excess of the prescribed 8 working hours per day; based on this, they sought payment of overtime work allowance and holiday work allowance. In response, the court below, based on the evidence adopted, found that the Plaintiffs performed holiday work for the number of days as stated in the judgment in addition to normal work during the claim period, and that, because the Plaintiffs' work was affected significantly by seasonal factors such that they sometimes worked beyond the prescribed working hours even during peak seasons, but the exact overtime hours could not be calculated, the Defendant had paid overtime allowance for 25 hours per month on the basis that the workers performed overtime work of an average of 1 hour per day. The court below found that this method of paying overtime allowance was reasonable in light of the nature of the Plaintiffs' work, and accordingly held it appropriate to find that the Plaintiffs performed 1 hour of overtime work per working day, and calculated the Plaintiffs' overtime work allowance and holiday work allowance on this basis.

However, according to the entries in, among the evidence adopted by the court below, particularly Defendant's Exhibits No. 1-29 through 1-34 (Plaintiff 1's payroll ledger) and Defendant's Exhibits No. 2-29 through 2-34 (Plaintiff 2's payroll ledger), it can be seen that the Defendant, as found by the court below, paid overtime allowance for 25 hours per month on the basis that the workers performed an average of 1 hour of overtime work per day up until July 1987, but from August 1987, the Defendant increased the overtime hours by 1 hour per day from the previous level, and began paying overtime allowance for 25 hours per month on the basis that the workers performed an average of 2 hours of overtime work per day, and maintained this until January 1988, when the Plaintiffs retired.

If so, the above factual finding of the court below is justified for the period up to July 1987, but cannot be considered justified for the period from August 1987 to January 1988; for this period, the court below should have found 2 hours of overtime work per working day and calculated the corresponding overtime work allowance and holiday work allowance. The judgment below on this point violated the rules of evidence and thereby affected the outcome of the judgment, and the argument is well-founded to this extent.

Furthermore, in calculating the amounts of the overtime work allowance and holiday work allowance, the court below calculated the overtime work allowance at 150% of the hourly ordinary wage for all overtime hours across both normal working days and holiday working days, and calculated the holiday work allowance by adding 150% of the hourly ordinary wage for the prescribed 8 hours of holiday work plus an additional 50% premium of the hourly ordinary wage for overtime hours that were also holiday hours. As argued, where holiday work and overtime work overlap, the prescribed premium wages must each be paid; however, it is clear that the above calculation method of the court below, with respect to the portion where holiday work and overtime work overlap, calculated by adding the premium wage for holiday work and the premium wage for overtime work respectively, and therefore the judgment below cannot be said to contain an error of law due to misapprehension of the legal principles concerning Article 46 of the Labor Standards Act (근로기준법).

2. According to the reasoning of the judgment below, with respect to the period of continuous service used in calculating the retirement allowance for Plaintiff 1, the court below noted the Plaintiff's argument as follows: the Plaintiff joined the Defendant company as an employee of the Transportation Section of the Mangu Factory on July 20, 1968, and while working there, submitted a letter of resignation on July 31, 1974, and re-joined the following day, from which date he was dispatched to work at the Transportation Department of the Sampyo Ready-Mixed Concrete Business Office; on February 28, 1978, in the course of reorganizing the Transportation Department of the Sampyo Ready-Mixed Concrete Business Office into the Transportation Department of the Defendant company's Ready-Mixed Concrete Business Office, all employees belonging to that Transportation Department, including the Plaintiff, submitted letters of resignation and re-joined the following day, continuing to work until retiring on January 31, 1988; the Plaintiff argued that, although on paper he took the form of submitting a resignation letter and being newly hired at each of the resignations on July 31, 1974 and February 28, 1978, he did not actually undergo the substantive hiring procedures such as taking an employment examination, and continued to perform the same work, such that in reality his employment relationship with the Defendant continued without regard to these interim resignations, and therefore, in calculating the Plaintiff's retirement allowance, the period of continuous service should be deemed to be 19 years and 7 months, from July 20, 1968 to January 31, 1988. However, the court below found that the evidence cited in support of the fact that the Plaintiff worked as alleged since joining the Defendant company on July 20, 1968 was difficult to believe; rather, according to the evidence adopted, it could be recognized that the Plaintiff joined Samkang Transportation Co., Ltd. (삼강운수주식회사), a corporate entity separate from the Defendant, on July 20, 1968, and while working there, retired on July 31, 1974, re-joined the same company the following day and continued working, then retired from that company on February 28, 1978, and even received retirement allowance therefrom, before finally joining the Defendant company on March 1, 1978, and working there until retiring on January 31, 1988. The court below held that, absent other special circumstances, the Plaintiff's act of joining the Defendant company after retiring from Samkang Transportation Co., Ltd., a corporate entity separate from the Defendant, could not be regarded, in relation to the Defendant, as merely taking the form of resignation and re-hiring while in substance constituting continuous service at the Defendant company with only a change in position; and accordingly determined that the period of continuous service for calculating the Plaintiff's retirement allowance upon his retirement from the Defendant company was 9 years and 11 months, from March 1, 1978 to January 31, 1988.

However, the record reveals the following facts: Plaintiff 1 joined Sampyo Transportation (삼표운수), a separate organization under the Defendant, as an assistant on July 20, 1968; as the Defendant company separated its own Transportation Section organization and merged it with the said separate Sampyo Transportation organization to establish Samkang Transportation Co., Ltd., the Plaintiff was appointed as of January 1, 1971 as a regular employee belonging to the Transportation Section of Samkang Transportation Co., Ltd., and worked there; when the Defendant lowered the existing progressive retirement allowance payment rate to the simple payment rate under the Labor Standards Act as of August 1, 1974, it required the collective submission of resignation letters to coincide with the timing of this change, and the Plaintiff accordingly submitted a resignation letter dated July 31, 1974, but was processed as having re-joined the following day, August 1, 1974, and continued to work as an employee of the Transportation Section of Samkang Transportation Co., Ltd.; when the Defendant, as of March 1, 1978, established the Transportation Department of the Sampyo Ready-Mixed Concrete Business Office within the Defendant company and, in the process, absorbed into it about 10 persons including the Plaintiff who were already working on dispatch at the Sampyo Ready-Mixed Concrete Business Office site, the Defendant required them to submit resignation letters collectively dated the day before, February 28, 1978, and the Plaintiff accordingly submitted a resignation letter, but was processed as having re-joined the following day, March 1, 1978, and continued to work in the same Transportation Department until retiring on January 31, 1988. Although the affiliation of the Transportation Section in which the Plaintiff worked changed as described above from Sampyo Transportation to Samkang Transportation Co., Ltd. and then to the Defendant company, the employees of the Transportation Section, including the Plaintiff, continued to perform the same work throughout the periods before and after the organizational changes; although the Plaintiff took the form of submitting a resignation letter and immediately re-joining each time at the Defendant's request, this was done for the Defendant's operational convenience regardless of the Plaintiff's own free will, and no substantive hiring procedures, such as taking an employment examination upon re-joining, were ever undergone; and Samkang Transportation Co., Ltd. (renamed Sampyo Industries Co., Ltd. on November 20, 1984), although formally a separate corporate entity from the Defendant company, was an affiliated company under the Defendant's group, to which the same standards as the Defendant company applied regarding retirement allowance payment rates and working conditions, and whose personnel and financial management, among other matters, were integratedly managed by the Defendant as the head company. These facts are clearly established, in particular, by the entries in Plaintiff's Exhibits No. 9-1, 9-2, No. 14, and No. 15, and Defendant's Exhibit No. 7-2, as well as the testimony of non-party witness 1 at the first instance and the testimony of non-party witness 2 at both the first instance and the court below.

Based on the foregoing facts, both of the Plaintiff's interim resignations dated July 31, 1974 and February 28, 1978, must be held void as sham declarations made by collusion (통정허위표시). Meanwhile, even where a business's human and material organization has been absorbed and merged, or its organizational structure has changed, so long as the business itself continues to exist while maintaining its identity without being abolished, this amounts to no more than a change of the managing entity, and the employment relationship is succeeded to by the new managing entity; therefore, the substantive employment relationship between the Plaintiff and the Defendant must be regarded as having continued without interruption before and after the said dates of resignation.

Accordingly, the period of continuous service for calculating Plaintiff 1's retirement allowance should be deemed to be 19 years and 7 months, from the date of initial joining, July 20, 1968, to the date of final retirement, January 31, 1988; nevertheless, the court below's determination that the Plaintiff's period of continuous service was 9 years and 11 months, from March 1, 1978 to January 31, 1988, must be said to be the result of a mistake of fact due to violation of the rules of evidence, or a misapprehension of the legal principles concerning the calculation of the period of continuous service in computing retirement allowance. The argument is well-founded.

Accordingly, the part of the judgment below against the Plaintiffs is reversed, and this part of the case is remanded to the court below, this judgment being rendered as stated in the Order by the unanimous opinion of the participating Justices.

Justices: Kim Sang-won (Presiding Justice), Park Woo-dong, Bae Seok, Yoon Young-chul

【판결요지】

가. 휴일 근로와 시간외 근로가 중복되는 경우에는 휴일 근로에 대한 가산임금과 시간외 근로에 대한 가산임금을 각각 가산하여 산정하여야 한다.

나. 별도의 법인체인 본사와 그 계열기업간의 조직변경 등에 따라 회사의 운영상 편의를 위하여 형식적으로 사직서를 제출하고 별도의 법인체에 입사하는 등 형식을 취하면서 실질적으로는 조직변경 전후에 걸쳐 동일한 업무에 종사하여 왔다면 위 중간퇴직은 통정허위표시로서 무효라고 할 것이고, 기업의 인적, 물적 조직이 흡수 통합되거나 조직변경이 있었다고 하더라도 그 기업 자체가 폐지됨이 없이 동일성을 유지하면서 존속되고 있는 한 이는 경영주체의 교체에 불과하여 근로관계는 새로운 경영주체에게 승계된다 할 것이므로 실질적 근로관계는 그 중간퇴직에 의해 단절됨이 없이 계속되었다고 보아야 할 것이다.

【참조조문】

가.근로기준법 제46조 / 나. 근로기준법 제28조

【주문】·【이유】 전문 4,556자 · 펼쳐 보기

【원고, 상고인】 원고 1 외 1인 원고들 소송대리인 변호사 오승근

【피고, 피상고인】 강원산업주식회사

【원심판결】 서울고등법원 1990.8.22. 선고 90나2736 판결

【주 문】

원심판결 중 원고들 패소부분을 파기하고 이 부분 사건을 서울고등법원에 환송한다.

【이 유】 원고들 소송대리인의 상고이유에 대하여

1. 원고들의 이 사건 법정제수당 청구부분에 관하여 원심은 제1심판결을 인용하여, 원고들이 법정제수당을 청구하고 있는 기간인 1985.4.부터 1988.1.까지 사이의 기간동안 정상근로 이외에 일정한 일수의 휴일 근로를 하였으며, 출근하는 날은 모두 피고의 지시에 따라 06:00부터 19:00까지 식사 및 휴식시간 1시간을 제외하고 1일 12시간을 근무하였으므로 소정 근로시간인 1일 8시간 보다 4시간씩 초과 근무하였다고 주장하면서 이를 기초로 하여 시간외 근로 및 휴일 근로수당의 지급을 구한 데 대하여, 그 채택증거에 의하여 원고들은 그 청구기간 동안 정상근로 이외에 그 판시와 같은 일수의 휴일 근로를 한 사실과 원고들의 업무는 계절적인 요인이 많이 작용되어 성수기에도 소정의 근로시간을 넘어서 근무하는 경우가 있으나 그 시간외 근로시간을 정확히 산정할 수가 없기 때문에 피고는 근로자들이 평균 1일 1시간씩 시간외 근로를 하는 것으로 보아 매월 25시간에 대한 시간외 근로수당을 지급해 온 사실을 인정하고, 이러한 시간외 근로수당의 지급방식은 원고들의 작업 태양에 비추어 정당하다고 보여지므로 결국 원고들은 근무일 1일에 대해 1시간씩 시간외 근로를 하였다고 인정함이 상당하다고 한 다음 이를 기초로 원고들의 시간외 근로수당과 휴일 근로수당을 산정하였다.

그러나 원심이 채택한 증거 가운데 특히 을 제1호증의 29 내지 34(원고 1의 급여대장) 및 을 제2호증의 29 내지 34(원고 2의 급여대장)의 각 기재에 의하면, 피고는 1987.7.까지는 원심 인정과 같이 근로자들이 평균 1일 1시간씩 시간외 근로를 하는 것으로 보아 매월 25시간에 대한 시간외 근로수당을 지급해 오다가 1987.8.부터는 시간외 근로시간수를 종전 보다 1일 1시간씩 늘려 평균 1일 2시간씩 시간외 근로를 하는 것으로 보아 매월 25시간에 대한 시간외 근로수당을 지급하기 시작하여 원고들이 퇴직한 1988.1.까지도 이를 그대로 유지해 온 사실을 알 수 있다. 그렇다면 원심의 위와 같은 사실인정은 1987.7.까지의 기간에 있어서는 정당하나 1987.8.부터 1988.1.까지의 기간에 대하여는 정당하다고 볼 수 없고 이 기간에 대하여는 근무일 1일에 대해 2시간씩의 시간외 근로를 인정하여 그에 상응하는 시간외 근로수당과 휴일 근로수당을 산정하였어야 할 것이다. 이 부분에 관한 원심판결은 채증법칙에 위배하여 판결의 결과에 영향을 미친 것이 되고 논지는 이 범위내에서 이유있다.

나아가 원심은 시간외 근로수당과 휴일 근로수당의 액수를 산정함에 있어 시간외 근로수당으로서 정상 근로일수와 휴일 근로일수를 통한 모든 시간외 근로시간에 대해 시간급 통상임금의 150%를 산정하고, 휴일 근로수당으로서 휴일의 소정 근로 8시간에 대한 시간급 통상임금의 150%에다가 휴일 겸 시간외 근로시간에 대한 시간급 통상임금의 50%를 다시 할증가산하는 방식으로 계산하였는 바, 휴일 근로나 시간외 근로가 중복되는 경우에 있어서는 각각 소정의 가산임금이 지급되어야 하는 것은 소론과 같지만 위와 같은 원심의 계산방식은 휴일 근로와 시간외 근로가 중복되는 부분에 대하여 휴일 근로에 대한 가산임금과 시간외 근로에 대한 가산임금을 각 각 가산하여 산정한 것임이 명백하므로 원심판결에 근로기준법 제46조에 관한 법리오해의 위법이 있다 할 수 없다.

2. 원심판결 이유에 의하면, 원심은 원고 1에 대한 퇴직금 계산에 있어서의 근속기간에 관하여 위 원고가 1968.7.20. 피고 회사의 망우공장 운수과 종업원으로 입사하여 근무하던 중 1974.7.31. 사직서를 제출하고 다음날 재입사하여 그 날부터 삼표레미콘사업소 운수부에 파견 근무하다가, 1978.2.28. 삼표레미콘사업소 운수부를 피고 회사 레미콘사업소 운수부로 조직변경하는 과정에서 위 운수부 소속 전근로자들이 사직서를 제출하고 다음날 재입사하여 근무하다가 1988.1.31. 퇴직하였는데, 위 1974.7.31.과 1978.2.28.의 각 퇴직시에 서류상으로는 사직서를 제출하고 새로 입사하는 형식을 취하였지만 입사시험을 치르는 등 실질적인 입사절차는 거치지 아니하고 계속 동일한 업무에 종사하는 등 실제로는 위 중간퇴직에 관계없이 피고와의 근로관계는 계속 되었으니 위 원고의 퇴직금을 계산함에 있어서 근속기간을 1968.7.20.부터 1988.1.31.까지 19년 7개월로 보아야 한다고 주장하나, 위 원고가 1968.7.20. 피고 회사에 입사한 이래 위 주장과 같이 근무하여 온 사실에 부합하는 거시증거들은 믿기 어렵고, 오히려 그 채택증거에 의하면 위 원고는 1968.7.20. 피고와는 별개의 법인체인 삼강운수주식회사에 입사하여 근무하던 중 1974.7.31. 퇴직하였다가 다음날 위 회사에 재입사하여 근무하다가 1978.2.28. 위 회사를 퇴직하고 그 퇴직금까지 수령한 후 1978.3.1. 비로소 피고 회사에 입사하여 근무하다가 1988.1.31. 퇴직한 사실을 인정할 수 있는바, 다른 특별한 사정이 없는 한 위 원고가 피고와는 별개의 법인체인 삼강운수주식회사를 퇴직한 다음 피고 회사에 입사한 것을 피고와의 관계에 있어서 입사와 퇴사의 형식만 취하였을 뿐 실제로는 직위의 변경만 있는 피고 회사에서의 계속 근무로 볼 수는 없다는 이유로 위 원고의 피고 회사 퇴직시 퇴직금 계산에 있어서의 근속기간은 1978.3.1.부터 1988.1.31.까지의 9년 11개월이라고 판단하였다.

그러나 기록에 의하면 원고 1은 1968.7.20. 피고 산하의 별도 조직인 삼표운수에 조수로 입사하였다가, 피고 회사가 그 소속의 운수과 조직을 떼어내어 별도 조직이던 위 삼표운수조직을 흡수 통합하여 삼강운수주식회사를 설립함에 따라 1971.1.1.자로 삼강운수주식회사 운수과 소속 정식사원으로 발령받아 근무하였고, 피고가 기존의 누진 퇴직금 지급율을 1974.8.1.자로 근로기준법 소정의 지급율에 의한 단순지급율로 낮추는 시기에 맞추어 일괄사직서 제출을 요구하여 위 원고는 1974.7.31.자로 사직서를 제출하였으나 다음날인 1974.8.1.자로 재입사한 것으로 처리되어 계속 삼강운수주식회사 운수과 직원으로 근무하다가, 피고가 1978.3.1.자로 피고 회사내에 삼표레미콘사업소 운수부를 만들면서 위 원고 등 이미 삼표레미콘사업소 현장에 파견 근무 중이던 10여명을 그 소속으로 흡수시키는 과정에서 그들에게 그 하루전인 1978.2.28.자로 일괄 사직서를 제출하도록 요구하여 위 원고도 사직서를 제출하였으나, 다음날인 1978.3.1.자로 재입사한 것으로 처리되어 같은 운수부에 계속 근무하다가 1988.1.31.자로 퇴직한 사실, 위 원고가 근무하던 운수과는 그 소속이 위와 같이 삼표운수에서 삼강운수주식회사로 다시 피고 회사로 변경되기는 하였으나 위 원고를 포함한 운수과 직원들은 조직변경 전후에 걸쳐 동일한 업무에 종사하여 왔고, 피고의 요구에 따라 위 원고가 사직서를 제출하고 그때마다 바로 재입사하는 형식을 취해 오기는 하였으나 이는 원고의 자유의사와는 상관없이 피고의 운영상 편의를 위한 것으로 재입사에 따른 입사시험을 치르는 등의 실질적인 입사절차를 거친 바 없는 사실, 위 삼강운수주식회사(1984.11.20. 삼표산업주식회사로 상호 변경)는 피고 회사와 형식상 별도의 법인체이기는 하나 그 산하의 계열기업체로서 퇴직금 지급율 및 근로조건 등은 피고 회사와 동일한 기준이 적용되고 있으며, 인사 및 자금관리 등도 본사인 피고가 통합관리해 온 사실 등을 알 수 있다. 위와 같은 사실은 특히 갑 제9호증의1,2, 갑 제14호증, 갑 제15호증, 을 제7호증의 2의 각 기재와 제1심증인 소외 1, 제1심 및 원심증인 소외 2의 각 증언에 의하여 뚜렷하다.

이상과 같은 사실관계를 토대로 하여 볼 때 위 원고의 1974.7.31.자 및 1978.2.28.자 중간퇴직은 어느 것이나 통정허위표시로서 무효라고 하여야 할 것이다. 한편 기업의 인적, 물적 조직이 흡수 통합되거나 조직변경이 있었다 하더라도 그 기업 자체가 폐지됨이 없이 동일성을 유지하면서 존속되고 있는 한 이는 경영주체의 교체에 불과하여 근로관계는 새로운 경영주체에게 승계된다 할 것이므로 위 원고와 피고와의 실질적 근로관계는 위 퇴직날자를 전후하여 단절됨이 없이 계속되었다고 보아야 할 것이다.

따라서 원고 1에 대한 퇴직금 계산에 있어서의 근속기간은 최초 입사시인 1968.7.20.부터 최종 퇴직시인 1988.1.31.까지 19년 7개월이라고 보아야 할 것임에도 원심이 이와 달리 위 원고의 근속기간은 1978.3.1.부터 1988.1.31.까지 9년 11개월이라고 판단한 것은 채증법칙위배로 인한 사실오인 내지 퇴직금 계산에 있어서의 근속기간 산정에 관한 법리오해의 결과라고 아니할 수 없다. 논지는 이유있다.

이에 원심판결 중 원고들 패소부분을 파기하고 이 부분 사건을 원심법원에 환송하기로 하여 관여 법관의 일치된 의견으로 주문과 같이 판결한다.

대법관 김상원(재판장) 박우동 배석 윤영철

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