Workbear재주넘는곰
대법원 2019두44606

Revocation of Disapproval of Divided Pension Claim under the Public Officials Pension Act [Divided Pension (분할연금) Case under the Public Officials Pension Act]공무원연금분할청구불승인처분취소[공무원연금법상 분할연금 사건]

Decided2020. 04. 29. Court대법원Worker (ex-spouse/plaintiff) won; the Government Employees Pension Service (공무원연금공단) lost.
AI-generated English translation (summary, key points, decision summary and full text) for reference only — not an official translation and without legal effect. The Korean original below is authoritative.
AI Easy read — AI summary of this decision
AI-generated summary for reference only — the Korean original below is authoritative.

A divorced spouse of a public official sought a divided pension (분할연금) after having married and divorced the same public official multiple times, with some marriages occurring before and others after Korea's divided pension system took effect. The Supreme Court ruled that all periods of marriage to the same person—including those predating the divided pension system—must be combined when determining whether the statutory 5-year marriage requirement is satisfied. The Government Employees Pension Service (공무원연금공단), which had denied the claim, lost the case, and the ex-spouse (plaintiff) prevailed.

Key takeaways
  • CaseA woman who had repeatedly married and divorced the same public official—both before and after Korea introduced the divided pension (분할연금) system—applied for a divided pension based on her total marriage duration, but the Government Employees Pension Service denied the claim.
  • OutcomeThe Supreme Court held that all periods of marriage to the same spouse, including those before the divided pension system existed, must be combined to assess whether the 5-year marriage requirement is met, and ruled in favor of the ex-spouse.
  • LessonWhen determining eligibility for a divided pension (분할연금) in Korea, courts will count all periods of marriage to the same person cumulatively, even repeated marriages that predate the current legal framework.
Issues
  • Whether marriage periods that occurred before the divided pension system took effect can be aggregated with later marriage periods to the same spouse
  • What standard should be used to determine whether the 5-year marriage requirement during the public official's period of service has been met
Key reasoning

The divided pension (분할연금) system is designed to divide the portion of a public official's pension entitlement attributable to the spouse's contributions during the marriage, giving it a property-right character similar to marital property division. Because of this nature, absent special circumstances, all periods during which the couple was married to each other should be aggregated when calculating the total marriage duration, regardless of whether some of those periods occurred before the divided pension system was introduced. The Court noted that the relevant statute contains no provision limiting or excluding the aggregation of prior marriage periods. Therefore, restricting the calculation only to the marriage period after the system's enactment would be inconsistent with the law's purpose and text.

Summary of Decision (English, AI translation)

Considering the content and legislative purpose of the provisions on the right to receive a divided pension under the former Public Officials Pension Act (Act No. 15523, wholly amended on March 20, 2018, before its wholly amendment; hereinafter the “former Public Officials Pension Act”), the legal nature of a divorced spouse’s right to receive a divided pension, and its relationship with the division of property system upon divorce under the Civil Act (민법), it follows that where a person who claims a divided pension and his or her former spouse, who was a public official, married and divorced two or more times and finally divorced after the divided pension system took effect, the period of marriage before the divided pension system took effect must be added to the period of marriage after the divided pension system took effect when determining the “period of marriage,” which is a requirement for payment of a divided pension under the main sentence of Article 46-3(1) of the former Public Officials Pension Act, unless there are special circumstances showing that, upon the divorce that occurred before the divided pension system took effect, the division of property was carried out with substantial consideration given to the contribution made up to that point toward the formation of the retirement pension, etc.

Full text (English, AI translation) 13,092 chars

[Plaintiff, Appellee] Plaintiff
[Defendant, Appellant] Government Employees Pension Service
[Judgment Below] Seoul High Court Judgment 2018Nu63909, decided June 5, 2019

[Order]

The appeal is dismissed. The costs of the appeal are to be borne by the Defendant.

[Reasoning] The grounds of appeal are examined.

1. Outline of the Case and Issue

A. According to the reasoning of the judgment below, the following facts may be established.

1) The non-party worked as a police official from September 20, 1968 to June 30, 2001, and then retired.

2) The Plaintiff married the non-party on May 26, 1975 and divorced him on May 17, 1994 (hereinafter "the first period of marriage"), and married him again on July 8, 1998 and divorced him on June 15, 2017 (hereinafter "the second period of marriage").

3) On June 27, 2017, the Plaintiff requested the Defendant to pay a divided pension pursuant to Article 46-3 of the former Public Officials Pension Act (Gongmuwon Yeongeumbeop) (amended in part by Act No. 13387 on June 22, 2015, before its wholesale amendment by Act No. 15523 on March 20, 2018; hereinafter "the former Public Officials Pension Act") out of the public official pension received by the non-party. However, on July 18, 2017, the Defendant issued the disposition refusing this request (hereinafter "the instant refusal disposition") on the grounds that (i) since the first period of marriage involved a divorce that occurred before the divided pension system took effect, it could not be included in calculating whether the requirement for payment of a divided pension—namely, "a marriage period of five years or more during the spouse's period of service as a public official"—was met, and (ii) the second period of marriage alone did not amount to five years or more of marriage during the spouse's period of service as a public official, such that the Plaintiff did not satisfy the requirement for payment of a divided pension.

B. The issue in this case is whether, where a person seeking a divided pension and his or her former spouse, who was a public official, married and divorced each other two or more times and finally divorced after the divided pension system took effect, the period of marriage prior to the enactment of the divided pension system must be included when determining whether the requirement for payment of a divided pension under the main text of Article 46-3(1) of the former Public Officials Pension Act—namely, "a marriage period of five years or more during the spouse's period of service as a public official"—has been satisfied.

2. The Proper Interpretation of "a Marriage Period of Five Years or More"

A. Article 46-3(1) of the former Public Officials Pension Act provides: "A person whose marriage period (limited to the period of marriage during which the spouse served as a public official) is five years or more may, upon satisfying all of the following requirements, receive, for as long as he or she survives, a certain amount of pension obtained by dividing the retirement pension or early retirement pension of the person who was his or her spouse," and sets forth in subparagraph 1 "having divorced the spouse," in subparagraph 2 "the former spouse being a person entitled to a retirement pension or early retirement pension," and in subparagraph 3 "having reached the age of 65." Paragraph 2 of the same Article provides: "The amount of the divided pension under paragraph 1 shall be the amount obtained by equally dividing the portion of the former spouse's retirement pension or early retirement pension corresponding to the period of marriage." Accordingly, in order for a divorced spouse's right to receive a divided pension to be recognized under the former Public Officials Pension Act, it is required that "the period of marriage during the spouse's period of service as a public official be five years or more."

B. Considering comprehensively the content and legislative purpose of the provisions regarding the divided pension entitlement under the former Public Officials Pension Act, the legal nature of a divorced spouse's right to a divided pension, and its relationship with the property division system upon divorce under the Civil Act (Minbeop), where a person seeking a divided pension and his or her former spouse, who was a public official, married and divorced each other two or more times and finally divorced after the divided pension system took effect, then, absent special circumstances showing that, upon the divorce that occurred before the divided pension system took effect, a division of property was carried out that substantively took into account the contribution to the formation of the retirement pension, etc. up to that point, the period of marriage prior to the enactment of the divided pension system must be added to the period of marriage after the enactment of the divided pension system when determining the "period of marriage" required for payment of a divided pension under the main text of Article 46-3(1) of the former Public Officials Pension Act. The specific reasons are as follows.

1) The divided pension system, introduced when the Public Officials Pension Act was partially amended by Act No. 13387 on June 22, 2015, was established for the purpose of allowing a spouse divorced from a public official to receive liquidation and distribution recognizing the portion contributed to the formation of the retirement pension or early retirement pension acquired during the marriage period while the public official was in service, while also seeking to guarantee a certain level of income in old age based on the other party's right to a retirement pension or early retirement pension (see, e.g., Constitutional Court en banc Decision 2016Hun-Ma54, decided April 26, 2018). Meanwhile, while providing for the eligibility requirements for a divided pension, the former Public Officials Pension Act, in the first sentence of Article 2(1) of its Addenda, provides that "a divided pension under the amended provisions shall be paid to a person for whom the cause for payment first arises after this Act enters into force," while Article 46-3(1) of the former Public Officials Pension Act merely provides that "a person whose marriage period during which the spouse served as a public official is five years or more" may receive a divided pension upon divorcing the spouse and satisfying requirements such as reaching the age of 65, without placing any restriction on whether periods of marriage prior to the enactment of the divided pension system are to be aggregated where a person seeking a divided pension and his or her former spouse, who was a public official, married and divorced each other two or more times. In light of the content and legislative purpose of the relevant provisions as described above, it is reasonable to hold that, for a claimant for a divided pension who satisfies the other requirements set forth in Article 46-3(1) of the former Public Officials Pension Act and the Addenda provisions, the period of marriage prior to the enactment of the divided pension system must be aggregated in determining whether "the period of marriage during the spouse's period of service as a public official is five years or more."

2) The divided pension system has both a property-right character and a social security character; the property-right character of the divided pension system rests on the idea that the right to receive a pension is also common marital property jointly formed through cooperation during the marriage, such that, after divorce, the portion corresponding to one's contribution must be divided. The Supreme Court has held that where the same persons have repeatedly married and divorced each other multiple times, then, in dividing property upon the final divorce, absent special circumstances showing that a substantive division of property was carried out or that the right to claim division of property was completely waived upon a prior divorce, all property formed through the cooperation of both parties during each period of marriage is included in the property subject to division (see Supreme Court Decision 99Meu1855, decided August 18, 2000). This same purport must be taken into account in interpreting and applying the requirement of "a marriage period of five years or more" among the requirements for entitlement to a divided pension.

3) The system of property division upon divorce under the Civil Act was introduced when the Civil Act was amended by Act No. 4199 on January 13, 1990. In the past, the Supreme Court took the position that "a retirement pension that the other party will receive in the future cannot immediately be included in the property subject to division, and the circumstance that there is a probability of receiving a future retirement allowance is sufficient to be taken into account as another circumstance necessary in determining the amount and method of division under Article 839-2(2) of the Civil Act," thereby declining to recognize the pension entitlement itself as subject to property division (see Supreme Court Decision 96Meu1533, 1540, decided March 14, 1997, among others). Thereafter, the Supreme Court, in its en banc Decision 2012Meu2888, decided July 16, 2014, and other decisions, held for the first time that "a public official's retirement pension entitlement that has already arisen is included in the property subject to division, and even where one spouse is still in service at the time of divorce and has not actually received retirement benefits, the claim corresponding to the amount of the retirement benefit, which potentially exists at the time of closing argument in the fact-finding proceedings of the divorce suit and is capable of realistic economic valuation, is also property subject to division." Accordingly, where a person seeking a divided pension and his or her former spouse, who was a public official, married and divorced each other two or more times, it is possible that, at the time of a prior divorce that occurred before the divided pension system took effect, depending on the timing and the existence and extent of property subject to division at the time of that divorce, no division of property was carried out at all, or a division of property was carried out without substantively taking into account the divorced spouse's contribution to the public official spouse's retirement pension, etc. In such a case, there is a great need, by aggregating the period of marriage prior to the enactment of the divided pension system with the period of marriage after its enactment, to allow the divorced spouse to receive liquidation and distribution of the contributed portion of the retirement pension, etc., and thereby to secure a certain level of income in old age on that basis.

4) The Supreme Court Decision 2010Du27264, decided May 13, 2011, cited by the Defendant, concerns the interpretation of Article 3(1)4(a) of the former Military Pension Act (Gungin Yeongeumbeop) (before its amendment by Act No. 12788 on October 15, 2014) regarding the scope of "spouse" among "bereaved family members" entitled to a survivor's pension, and, as the facts of that case differ from those of the present case, it is not appropriate to invoke it in this case.

3. Determination as to the Instant Case

The Plaintiff and the non-party divorced for the first time on May 17, 1994, and there is no assertion or proof whatsoever of circumstances showing that, at that time, a division of property was carried out that substantively took into account the Plaintiff's contribution to the formation of the non-party's retirement pension, etc. up to that point. Accordingly, in determining whether the Plaintiff satisfies the requirement for recognition of entitlement to a divided pension—namely, "the period of marriage during the spouse's period of service as a public official is five years or more"—the first period of marriage and the second period of marriage must be aggregated.

In the same vein, the court below determined that the instant refusal disposition, which the Defendant issued on the ground that, excluding the Plaintiff's first period of marriage and considering only the second period of marriage, the requirement of "the period of marriage during the spouse's period of service as a public official is five years or more" was not satisfied, was unlawful. This determination by the court below is based on the legal principles set forth above, and contains no error, as alleged in the grounds of appeal, of misapprehending the legal principles regarding "period of marriage," which is a requirement for recognition of entitlement to a divided pension under the former Public Officials Pension Act.

4. Conclusion

Therefore, the appeal is dismissed, and the costs of the appeal are to be borne by the losing party. This judgment is rendered as set forth in the Order, with the unanimous consent of the Justices participating in the decision.

Justice Park Sang-ok (Presiding Justice), An Cheol-sang, Noh Jeong-hee (Justice in Charge), Kim Sang-hwan

【판결요지】

구 공무원연금법(2018. 3. 20. 법률 제15523호로 전부 개정되기 전의 것, 이하 ‘구 공무원연금법’이라 한다)상 분할연금 수급권에 관한 규정의 내용과 입법 취지, 이혼배우자의 분할연금 수급권의 법적 성격과 민법상 이혼에 따른 재산분할제도와의 관계 등을 종합하면, 분할연금을 청구한 사람과 공무원이었던 전 배우자가 혼인과 이혼을 두 차례 이상 반복하다가 분할연금제도 시행 후에 최종 이혼한 경우에는 분할연금제도 시행 전에 이혼을 하면서 그때까지의 퇴직연금 등의 형성에 대한 기여를 실질적으로 참작하여 재산분할이 이루어졌다는 특별한 사정이 없는 한, 구 공무원연금법 제46조의3 제1항 본문에서 정한 분할연금 지급요건인 ‘혼인기간’을 판단할 때 분할연금제도 시행 전의 혼인기간을 분할연금제도 시행 후의 혼인기간과 합산하여야 한다.

【참조조문】

구 공무원연금법(2018. 3. 20. 법률 제15523호로 전부 개정되기 전의 것) 제46조의3(현행 제45조 참조)

【주문】·【이유】 전문 4,561자 · 펼쳐 보기

【원고, 피상고인】 원고

【피고, 상고인】 공무원연금공단

【원심판결】 서울고법 2019. 6. 5. 선고 2018누63909 판결

【주 문】

상고를 기각한다. 상고비용은 피고가 부담한다.

【이 유】 상고이유를 판단한다.

1. 사건의 개요와 쟁점

가. 원심판결 이유에 의하면, 다음과 같은 사정들을 알 수 있다.

1) 소외인은 1968. 9. 20.부터 2001. 6. 30.까지 경찰공무원으로 근무하다가 퇴직하였다.

2) 원고는 소외인과 1975. 5. 26. 혼인하였다가 1994. 5. 17. 이혼하였고(이하 ‘1차 혼인기간’이라고 한다), 1998. 7. 8. 다시 혼인하였다가 2017. 6. 15. 이혼하였다(이하 ‘2차 혼인기간’이라고 한다).

3) 원고는 2017. 6. 27. 피고에게 구 공무원연금법(2015. 6. 22. 법률 제13387호로 일부 개정되어 2018. 3. 20. 법률 제15523호로 전부 개정되기 전의 것, 이하 ‘구 공무원연금법’이라고 한다) 제46조의3에 따라 소외인이 수령하는 공무원연금의 분할지급을 청구하였으나, 피고는 2017. 7. 18. 원고에 대하여 ① 1차 혼인기간은 분할연금제도 시행 전에 이혼한 경우이므로 분할연금 지급요건인 ‘배우자의 공무원 재직기간 중 혼인기간 5년 이상’에 합산할 수 없고, ② 2차 혼인기간만으로는 배우자의 공무원 재직기간 중 혼인기간이 5년 미만이므로 원고가 분할연금 지급요건을 충족하지 못했다는 이유로 이 사건 거부처분을 하였다.

나. 이 사건의 쟁점은, 분할연금을 청구한 사람과 공무원이었던 전 배우자가 혼인과 이혼을 두 차례 이상 반복하다가 분할연금제도 시행 후에 최종 이혼한 경우 분할연금제도 시행 전의 혼인기간을 구 공무원연금법 제46조의3 제1항 본문에서 정한 분할연금 지급요건인 ‘배우자의 공무원 재직기간 중 혼인기간 5년 이상’의 충족 여부를 판단할 때 합산하여야 하는지 여부이다.

2. ‘혼인기간 5년 이상’의 정당한 해석

가. 구 공무원연금법 제46조의3 제1항은 “혼인기간(배우자가 공무원으로서 재직한 기간 중의 혼인기간만 해당한다)이 5년 이상인 사람이 다음 각호의 요건을 모두 갖추면 그때부터 그가 생존하는 동안 배우자였던 사람의 퇴직연금 또는 조기퇴직연금을 분할한 일정한 금액의 연금을 받을 수 있다.”라고 규정하면서, 그 제1호에서 ‘배우자와 이혼하였을 것’, 제2호에서 ‘배우자였던 사람이 퇴직연금 또는 조기퇴직연금 수급권자일 것’, 제3호에서 ‘65세가 되었을 것’을 규정하고, 같은 조 제2항은 “제1항에 따른 분할연금액은 배우자였던 사람의 퇴직연금액 또는 조기퇴직연금액 중 혼인기간에 해당하는 연금액을 균등하게 나눈 금액으로 한다.”라고 규정하고 있다. 따라서 구 공무원연금법상 이혼배우자의 분할연금 수급권이 인정되려면 ‘배우자의 공무원 재직기간 중 혼인기간이 5년 이상’일 것이 요구된다.

나. 구 공무원연금법상 분할연금 수급권에 관한 규정의 내용과 입법 취지, 이혼배우자의 분할연금 수급권의 법적 성격과 민법상 이혼에 따른 재산분할제도와의 관계 등을 종합하여 보면, 분할연금을 청구한 사람과 공무원이었던 전 배우자가 혼인과 이혼을 두 차례 이상 반복하다가 분할연금제도 시행 후에 최종 이혼한 경우에는 분할연금제도 시행 전에 이혼을 하면서 그때까지의 퇴직연금 등의 형성에 대한 기여를 실질적으로 참작하여 재산분할이 이루어졌다는 특별한 사정이 없는 한, 구 공무원연금법 제46조의3 제1항 본문에서 정한 분할연금 지급요건인 ‘혼인기간’을 판단함에 있어 분할연금제도 시행 전의 혼인기간을 분할연금제도 시행 후의 혼인기간과 합산하여야 한다. 그 구체적인 이유는 다음과 같다.

1) 공무원연금법이 2015. 6. 22. 법률 제13387호로 일부 개정되면서 도입된 분할연금제도는 공무원과 이혼한 배우자에게 공무원이 재직기간 중의 혼인기간에 취득한 퇴직연금 또는 조기퇴직연금 수급권에 대해서 연금 형성에 기여한 부분을 인정하여 청산·분배를 받을 수 있도록 하는 한편, 상대방의 퇴직연금 또는 조기퇴직연금 수급권을 기초로 일정한 수준의 노후소득을 보장하려는 취지에서 마련된 것이다(헌법재판소 2018. 4. 26. 선고 2016헌마54 전원재판부 결정 등 참조). 한편 구 공무원연금법은 분할연금 수급자격에 관하여 규정하면서, 부칙 제2조 제1항 전문에서 ‘개정규정에 따른 분할연금은 이 법 시행 후 최초로 지급사유가 발생한 사람부터 지급한다.’고 정하면서도, 구 공무원연금법 제46조의3 제1항에서 ‘배우자가 공무원으로서 재직한 기간 중의 혼인기간이 5년 이상인 사람’이 배우자와 이혼하고 65세가 되는 등의 요건을 갖추면 분할연금을 받을 수 있다고만 정하여, 분할연금을 청구한 사람과 공무원이었던 전 배우자가 혼인과 이혼을 두 차례 이상 반복한 경우에 분할연금제도 시행 전 혼인기간의 합산 여부에 대하여는 아무런 제한을 두고 있지 아니하다. 위와 같은 관련 규정의 내용과 입법 취지 등에 비추어 보면, 구 공무원연금법 제46조의3 제1항과 부칙조항에서 정한 다른 요건들을 갖춘 분할연금 청구인의 분할연금제도 시행 전의 혼인기간은 ‘배우자의 공무원 재직기간 중 혼인기간 5년 이상’을 판단함에 있어 합산되어야 한다고 봄이 타당하다.

2) 분할연금제도는 재산권적인 성격과 사회보장적 성격을 함께 가지지만, 분할연금제도의 재산권적 성격은 연금수급권도 혼인생활 중에 협력하여 이룬 부부의 공동재산이므로 이혼 후에는 그 기여분에 해당하는 몫을 분할하여야 한다는 것이다. 대법원은 동일인과 여러 차례 혼인과 이혼을 반복한 경우 마지막 이혼에 따라 재산분할을 할 때에는 종전에 이혼을 하면서 실질적인 재산분할을 하였거나 재산분할청구권을 완전히 포기하였다고 볼 만한 특별한 사정이 없는 한, 각 혼인 중에 쌍방의 협력에 의하여 이룩한 재산은 모두 재산분할의 대상에 포함된다고 판시하였는바(대법원 2000. 8. 18. 선고 99므1855 판결 참조), 분할연금 수급권의 요건 중 ‘혼인기간 5년 이상’을 해석하고 적용함에 있어서도 위와 같은 취지가 고려되어야 한다.

3) 민법상 이혼에 따른 재산분할제도는 민법이 1990. 1. 13. 법률 제4199호로 개정되면서 도입되었다. 그리고 과거 대법원은 ‘상대방이 향후 수령할 퇴직연금은 이를 곧바로 재산분할대상에 포함시킬 수 없고, 장래 퇴직금을 받을 개연성이 있다는 사정은 민법 제839조의2 제2항에서 정한 분할의 액수와 방법을 정하는 데 필요한 기타 사정으로 참작하면 충분하다’는 입장을 취하여 연금수급권 자체에 대한 재산분할을 인정하지 않았다(대법원 1997. 3. 14. 선고 96므1533, 1540 판결 등 참조). 그 후 대법원은 2014. 7. 16. 선고 2012므2888 전원합의체 판결 등에서 비로소 ‘이미 발생한 공무원 퇴직연금 수급권은 재산분할의 대상에 포함되고, 이혼 당시 부부 일방이 아직 재직 중이어서 실제 퇴직급여를 수령하지 않았더라도 이혼소송의 사실심 변론종결 시에 잠재적으로 존재하여 경제적 가치의 현실적 평가가 가능한 재산인 퇴직급여 상당액 채권도 재산분할의 대상이 된다’고 판시하였다. 따라서 분할연금을 청구한 사람과 공무원이었던 전 배우자가 혼인과 이혼을 두 차례 이상 반복한 경우 분할연금제도가 시행되기 전인 종전 이혼 시에는 그 시기나 그 이혼 당시 분할대상 재산의 유무 및 정도 등에 따라 아예 재산분할이 이루어지지 아니하거나, 공무원인 배우자의 퇴직연금 등에 대한 이혼배우자의 기여가 실질적으로 참작되지 아니한 채 재산분할이 이루어졌을 가능성이 있고, 이러한 경우 분할연금제도 시행 전의 혼인기간을 분할연금제도 시행 후의 혼인기간에 합산함으로써 이혼배우자로 하여금 퇴직연금 등에 대한 기여분을 청산·분배받고 이를 기초로 일정한 수준의 노후소득을 보장받게 할 필요가 크다.

4) 피고가 들고 있는 대법원 2011. 5. 13. 선고 2010두27264 판결은, 유족연금 수급권자인 ‘유족’ 중 ‘배우자’의 범위에 관한 구 군인연금법(2014. 10. 15. 법률 제12788호로 개정되기 전의 것) 제3조 제1항 제4호 (가)목의 해석에 관한 것으로서 이 사건과는 사안을 달리하므로 이 사건에 원용하기에 적절하지 않다.

3. 이 사건에 관한 판단

원고와 소외인은 1994. 5. 17. 1차 이혼을 하였는데, 그 당시 소외인의 그때까지의 퇴직연금 등의 형성에 대한 원고의 기여를 실질적으로 참작하여 재산분할이 이루어졌다고 볼 만한 사정에 대한 주장·증명이 전혀 없다. 따라서 원고가 ‘배우자의 공무원 재직기간 중 혼인기간이 5년 이상’이라는 분할연금 수급권 인정요건을 충족하였는지 여부를 판단할 때에는 1차 혼인기간과 2차 혼인기간을 합산하여야 한다.

같은 취지에서, 원심은 피고가 원고의 1차 혼인기간을 제외하고 2차 혼인기간만으로 ‘배우자의 공무원 재직기간 중 혼인기간이 5년 이상’에 해당하지 않는다고 보아 이 사건 거부처분을 한 것은 위법하다고 판단하였다. 이러한 원심판단은 앞서 본 법리에 기초한 것으로서, 거기에 상고이유 주장과 같이 구 공무원연금법상 분할연금 수급권 인정요건인 ‘혼인기간’에 관한 법리를 오해한 잘못이 없다.

4. 결론

그러므로 상고를 기각하고 상고비용은 패소자가 부담하도록 하여, 관여 대법관의 일치된 의견으로 주문과 같이 판결한다.

대법관 박상옥(재판장) 안철상 노정희(주심) 김상환

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