Workbear재주넘는곰
대법원 95누16684

Revocation of Reexamination Decision on Remedy for Unfair Dismissal (부당해고구제재심판정취소)부당해고구제재심판정취소

Decided1997. 03. 14. Court대법원Employer won
AI-generated English translation (summary, key points, decision summary and full text) for reference only — not an official translation and without legal effect. The Korean original below is authoritative.
AI Easy read — AI summary of this decision
AI-generated summary for reference only — the Korean original below is authoritative.

In this case, a bank branch manager issued a fake safekeeping deposit certificate (보호예수증서) and used the bank's official seal without authorization. The Supreme Court held that the grounds for disciplinary action (징계사유) must be determined based on what the disciplinary committee (징계위원회) actually considered as grounds, not merely what was written in the disciplinary decision document. The Court found that such conduct seriously disrupted banking order and caused a major scandal, making the disciplinary dismissal justified.

Key takeaways
  • CaseIncident: A bank branch manager issued a fake safekeeping deposit certificate and used the bank's official seal without authorization.
  • OutcomeResult: The court ruled that this conduct seriously disrupted the bank's internal order, making the disciplinary dismissal justified.
  • LessonLesson: Disciplinary grounds are judged based on everything the disciplinary committee actually considered, not solely on what is written in the formal disposition document.
Issues
  • How the grounds for disciplinary action against an employee should be determined and confirmed
  • The scope of judicial review in a lawsuit seeking revocation of a reexamination decision on remedy for unfair dismissal
Key reasoning

The grounds for disciplinary action against an employee are determined by what the disciplinary committee actually deliberated upon and relied on as the basis for discipline, and are not limited to the reasons explicitly stated in the written disciplinary resolution or disposition notice. In this case, the branch manager's issuance of a fake safekeeping deposit certificate and unauthorized use of the official seal constituted serious misconduct that severely disrupted the bank's internal order and caused significant public concern. Given the gravity of these actions, the Court concluded that disciplinary dismissal (징계면직) was a justified and proportionate response. This reasoning clarifies that employers and disciplinary committees are not strictly confined to the literal wording of disciplinary documents when justifying the severity of a sanction, so long as the actual grounds considered are substantively established.

Summary of Decision (English, AI translation)

[1] Whether a certain act of misconduct by an employee constitutes grounds for disciplinary action must be determined by whether the disciplinary committee, etc., actually treated it as such grounds based on specific materials, and the grounds for disciplinary action are not necessarily limited to the grounds for discipline specified in the rules of employment or disciplinary regulations as stated in the disciplinary resolution or the written disciplinary disposition.

[2] The subject of examination in an application for remedy against unfair dismissal, etc. is solely whether the disciplinary action, such as dismissal, imposed on the employee has justifiable grounds, and the determination of whether the disciplinary action has justifiable grounds must be made based on the grounds that the disciplinary committee actually relied upon as grounds for discipline. Therefore, in a lawsuit seeking revocation of a reexamination decision on remedy for unfair dismissal as well, whether the disciplinary action is justified must be determined based on the grounds that the disciplinary committee relied upon as grounds for discipline, and based on this, it must be determined whether the reexamination decision on remedy for unfair dismissal erred in its determination regarding the justifiability of the disciplinary action.

Full text (English, AI translation) 13,523 chars

[Plaintiff, Appellant]

[Defendant, Appellee] Chairman of the National Labor Relations Commission
[Intervenor for the Defendant] Korea Exchange Bank Co., Ltd. (Attorneys Oh Seong-hwan and 8 others, Counsel for the Intervenor)

[Judgment Below]

Seoul High Court Decision 94Gu12656 dated October 6, 1995

[Order]

The appeal is dismissed. The costs of appeal shall be borne by the Plaintiff.

[Reasoning]

The grounds of appeal are examined.

According to the reasoning of the judgment below, the lower court found the following facts: the Plaintiff was hired as an employee of the Intervenor for the Defendant (hereinafter "the Intervenor") on November 16, 1967, and worked as the branch manager of the Intervenor's ○○ Branch from July 23, 1991 to January 11, 1993. Around the end of July 1992, the total amount of credit extended to Nonparty 1 Co., Ltd. (hereinafter "Nonparty 1 Company") by the said branch reached KRW 1,514,000,000, while the value of the collateral provided by Nonparty 1 Company was only KRW 956,000,000, and the Plaintiff was instructed by the Intervenor to recover the loan extended to Nonparty 1 Company. Nonparty 2, the substantial owner of Nonparty 1 Company, told the Plaintiff that if the overdue loan of KRW 350,000,000 owed by Nonparty 1 Company to the Intervenor were repaid, the Industrial Bank of Korea was arranged to newly extend a loan of KRW 1,000,000,000 to Nonparty 1 Company, and proposed that the Plaintiff first borrow KRW 350,000,000 in his own name from Nonparty Park Rae-sik, a private moneylender, to repay the overdue loan owed by Nonparty 1 Company to the Intervenor, and later settle the matter with the loan proceeds from the Industrial Bank of Korea. Accordingly, as a means of recovering the loan extended to Nonparty 1 Company, the Plaintiff borrowed KRW 350,000,000 from the said Park Rae-sik on August 14, 1992 (this portion was repaid by Nonparty 2 on August 25, 1992), and KRW 300,000,000 on August 26 of the same year, thereby partially recovering the loan. When Park Rae-sik pressed the Plaintiff for repayment of the said KRW 300,000,000, the Plaintiff borrowed KRW 250,000,000 from Nonparty Choi Byeong-seol and repaid part of the principal and interest owed to Park Rae-sik. Thereafter, when Nonparty 2 obtained a loan of KRW 620,000,000 from the Industrial Bank of Korea on October 2, 1992 but fled without repaying the debt owed to Choi Byeong-seol and others, the Plaintiff, pressed by Choi Byeong-seol for repayment of the said debt, on four occasions from December 4 to December 31, 1992, photocopied the front side of a safekeeping deposit certificate—which, under the Intervenor's Detailed Rules on Safekeeping Deposit Business, is to be issued and delivered as a document certifying that the bank has received custody of a customer's securities or valuables—and thereafter wrote thereon a statement to the effect that C/Ds or time deposit passbooks worth a total of KRW 250,000,000 were held in custody, affixed the branch manager's seal kept by the deputy in charge of the loan section, and delivered these to Choi Byeong-seol. On March 30 and May 12, 1993, Choi Byeong-seol presented the said safekeeping deposit certificates to the Intervenor and demanded the return of the deposited items, but was refused, and around July of that year he even filed a civil suit against the Intervenor. Due to the above private-financing brokerage act, the Plaintiff was sentenced by the Appellate Division of the Seoul Criminal District Court on January 25, 1995 to eight months' imprisonment with one year's suspension of execution for violation of the Act on the Aggravated Punishment of Specific Economic Crimes (특정경제범죄가중처벌등에관한법률). The Intervenor's Rules of Employment list as grounds for disciplinary action: violating occupational duties so as to damage the honor and credit of the bank; intentionally or negligently causing operational impediments or disputes, or causing loss to the bank; and disturbing order within the bank. The Rules on Rewards and Punishments provide for disciplinary action against a person who intentionally or negligently causes operational impediments or disputes or causes loss to the bank; a person who disturbs order within the bank by violating the Rules of Employment, other regulations, pledges, or directives; a person who damages the honor of the bank or causes a serious social controversy; or a person who otherwise commits an unlawful or improper act, and provide, as a standard for discipline, that a person who intentionally or through gross negligence causes serious damage to the bank or seriously disturbs order, or who, regardless of the type of incident, causes serious controversy through such incident, shall be dismissed. The lower court further found that the Intervenor determined that the Plaintiff's improper issuance of the safekeeping deposit certificates and unauthorized use of the branch manager's seal, among other acts, constituted grounds for discipline, and disciplinarily dismissed the Plaintiff on May 15, 1993 pursuant to the Rules of Employment and the Rules on Rewards and Punishments. Based on these findings, the lower court determined that the Plaintiff's act of, without actually receiving any items into custody, photocopying the safekeeping deposit certificate form, writing false content thereon, and arbitrarily affixing the seal kept by the deputy in charge of the loan section, thereby issuing a high-value safekeeping deposit certificate to Choi Byeong-seol, which later resulted in Choi Byeong-seol filing suit against the Intervenor, constituted "committing an unlawful and improper act through intent or gross negligence, thereby seriously disturbing the order of the bank" and "causing serious controversy through an incident" under the Intervenor's Rules on Rewards and Punishments, and, in light of the circumstances and scale of the Plaintiff's improper issuance of the safekeeping deposit certificates and the impact thereof on the Intervenor's credit and honor, determined that the disciplinary dismissal of the Plaintiff in this case was justified.

Upon examination of the record, the lower court's fact-finding and determination regarding the grounds for discipline against the Plaintiff are acceptable, and there is no illegality therein arising from misapprehension of facts in violation of the rules of evidence or misapprehension of the law concerning grounds for discipline.

Furthermore, even though the Plaintiff had not actually received a time deposit passbook or C/D in custody from Choi Byeong-seol, insofar as the Plaintiff photocopied a safekeeping deposit certificate form, wrote thereon a statement to the effect that a time deposit passbook or C/D had been received in custody and would be returned upon surrender of the certificate, affixed the branch manager's seal, and delivered it to Choi Byeong-seol, this cannot but be regarded as improper issuance of a safekeeping deposit certificate; and even though the Plaintiff, as branch manager, was the final custodian responsible for the branch manager's seal, insofar as the seal was used to issue such an improper safekeeping deposit certificate, this constitutes unauthorized use of the seal. In light of the fact that Choi Byeong-seol presented the said safekeeping deposit certificates to the Intervenor, demanded the return of the deposited items, and even filed a civil suit against the Intervenor, the Plaintiff's above misconduct constitutes "committing an unlawful and improper act through intent or gross negligence, thereby seriously disturbing the order of the bank" or "causing serious controversy through an incident," which are grounds for disciplinary dismissal under the Intervenor's Rules on Rewards and Punishments.

Meanwhile, whether a particular act of misconduct by an employee constitutes a ground for discipline should be determined by whether the disciplinary committee, etc., actually relied on that act as a ground for discipline based on the specific materials before it, and the grounds for discipline are not necessarily limited to the grounds for discipline stated in the Rules of Employment or disciplinary regulations as set forth in the disciplinary resolution or disciplinary disposition document (see Supreme Court Decision 95Nu15742 delivered on September 20, 1996). According to the disciplinary resolution in this case, the grounds for discipline against the Plaintiff as stated therein include the Plaintiff's improper issuance of the safekeeping deposit certificates and unauthorized use of the responsible officer's seal; however, in light of the circumstances of this disciplinary action, the said grounds for discipline against the Plaintiff should be understood as encompassing the entire series of acts constituting the improper issuance of the safekeeping deposit certificates, as well as the resulting disturbance of order and the serious controversy caused thereby. Moreover, in an application for remedy for unfair dismissal, etc., the object of review is solely whether there was justifiable cause for the disciplinary action such as dismissal against the employee (see Supreme Court Decision 91Nu5884 delivered on May 22, 1992), and the determination of whether there was justifiable cause for the disciplinary action must be made based on the grounds relied upon by the disciplinary committee as the grounds for discipline (see Supreme Court Decision 94Nu11880 delivered on March 10, 1995). Accordingly, in a lawsuit seeking revocation of a reexamination decision on a remedy for unfair dismissal as well, the justness of the disciplinary action should be determined based on the grounds relied upon by the disciplinary committee as the grounds for discipline, and on that basis, it should be determined whether the reexamination decision on the remedy for unfair dismissal erred in its determination as to the justness of the disciplinary action. According to the record, the National Labor Relations Commission found the fact that the Plaintiff caused the Intervenor to suffer damages of KRW 250,000,000 through the Plaintiff's improper issuance of the safekeeping deposit certificates by unauthorized use of the responsible officer's seal, even though the Intervenor could not be said to bear any liability toward Choi Byeong-seol due to the Plaintiff's said unauthorized use of the seal and improper issuance of the safekeeping deposit certificates, and determined that this constituted a ground for discipline as provided under the Intervenor's Rules of Employment and Rules on Rewards and Punishments. However, as noted above, the series of acts and the resulting consequences whereby the Plaintiff engaged in unauthorized use of the branch manager's seal and improperly issued the safekeeping deposit certificates, thereby disturbing the order of banking business and causing social controversy, constitute the grounds for discipline in this case, and the facts found as grounds for discipline against the Plaintiff in the reexamination decision in this case are also identical, in terms of the basic factual relationship, to the grounds relied upon by the disciplinary committee as grounds for discipline. Therefore, the lower court was correct to determine the justness of the disciplinary dismissal in this case and the propriety of the reexamination decision based on the facts relied upon by the disciplinary committee in this case as grounds for discipline against the Plaintiff, and there is no illegality therein arising from misapprehension of the law concerning the object of review in a lawsuit seeking revocation of a reexamination decision on a remedy for unfair dismissal.

Furthermore, the fact that the Act on the Aggravated Punishment of Specific Economic Crimes (특정경제범죄가중처벌등에관한법률) makes the brokerage of private financing by executives and employees of financial institutions subject to criminal punishment, and that the Intervenor's Detailed Rules on Safekeeping Deposit Business strictly stipulate the requirements and procedures for issuing safekeeping deposit certificates, reflects the minimum requirements necessary, in light of the importance of the role of financial institutions in the smooth and proper circulation of funds in a modern industrial society, to ensure that executives and employees of financial institutions strictly comply therewith, thereby preventing large-scale financial incidents, maintaining the honor and credit of financial institutions, and further establishing economic order and promoting the development of the national economy. In light of the fact that the Plaintiff, as a bank branch manager, violated these rules, thereby disturbing the order of banking business, causing the Intervenor to become embroiled in litigation, giving rise to social controversy, and damaging the Intervenor's honor and credit, as well as the degree and scale of such violation, even taking into account all circumstances asserted by the Plaintiff, the disciplinary dismissal of the Plaintiff in this case is justified, and there is no illegality therein arising from an abuse of disciplinary discretion.

Ultimately, all the grounds of appeal are without merit.

Therefore, the appeal is dismissed, and the costs of appeal are to be borne by the Plaintiff, the losing party. This judgment is rendered as set forth in the Order, with the unanimous concurrence of the participating Justices.

Presiding Justice Park Man-ho, Justice Park Jun-seo, Justice Kim Hyeong-seon (Justice in charge), Justice Lee Yong-hun

【판결요지】

[1] 근로자의 어떤 비위행위가 징계사유로 되어 있느냐 여부는 구체적인 자료들을 통하여 징계위원회 등에서 그것을 징계사유로 삼았는가 여부에 의하여 결정되어야 하는 것이지 반드시 징계의결서나 징계처분서에 기재된 취업규칙이나 징계규정 소정의 징계근거 사유만으로 징계사유가 한정되는 것은 아니다.

[2] 부당해고 등의 구제신청에 있어서의 심사의 대상은 근로자에 대한 해고 등의 징벌이 정당한 이유가 있는 것인지의 여부일 뿐이고, 징벌이 정당한 이유가 있는지 여부의 판단은 징계위원회에서 징계사유로 삼은 사유에 의하여 판단하여야 하므로, 부당해고구제재심판정취소소송에 있어서도 징계위원회에서 징계사유로 삼은 사유에 의하여 징벌이 정당한지 여부를 판단하고, 이에 의하여 부당해고구제재심판정이 징벌의 정당성에 관한 판단을 그르쳤는지 여부를 판단하여야 한다.

【참조조문】

[1] 근로기준법 제27조 제1항

[2] 근로기준법 제27조의3 제1항

【참조판례】

[1] 대법원 1996. 9. 20. 선고 95누15742 판결(공1996하, 3214) /[2] 대법원 1992. 5. 22. 선고 91누5884 판결(공1992, 2028), 대법원 1995. 3. 10. 선고 94누11880 판결(공1995상, 1629)

【주문】·【이유】 전문 4,993자 · 펼쳐 보기

【원고,상고인】

【피고,피상고인】 중앙노동위원회 위원장

【피고보조참가인】 주식회사 한국외환은행 (소송대리인 변호사 오성환 외 8인)

【원심판결】 서울고법 1995. 10. 6. 선고 94구12656 판결

【주문】

상고를 기각한다. 상고비용은 원고의 부담으로 한다.

【이유】 상고이유를 판단한다.

원심판결 이유에 의하면 원심은, 원고가 1967. 11. 16. 피고보조참가인(이하 참가인이라 한다)의 직원으로 채용된 이후 1991. 7. 23.부터 1993. 1. 11.까지 참가인의 지점장으로 근무한 사실, 원고는 1992. 7.말경 위 지점에서의 소외 1 주식회사(이하 소외 1 회사 라고 한다)에 대한 여신총액이 금 1,514,000,000원에 이르고 소외 1 회사가 제공한 담보물 가액은 금 956,000,000원에 불과하여, 참가인으로부터 소외 1 회사에 대한 대출금의 회수를 지시받은 사실, 소외 1 회사 의 실질적 사주인 소외 2는 원고에게 소외 1 회사 의 참가인에 대한 연체대출금 350,000,000원이 변제되면 중소기업은행이 소외 1 회사에게 금 1,000,000,000원을 신규대출하여 주도록 되어 있다면서, 우선 원고 명의로 사채업자인 소외 박래식으로부터 금 350,000,000원을 차용하여 소외 1 회사 의 참가인에 대한 연체대출금을 변제한 후 중소기업은행으로부터의 대출금으로 이를 해결할 것을 제의한 사실, 이에 원고는 소외 1 회사 에 대한 대출금을 회수하기 위한 방편으로 위 박래식으로부터 1992. 8. 14. 금 350,000,000원(이 부분은 1992. 8. 25. 위 소외 2가 변제하였다), 같은 달 26. 금 300,000,000원을 차용하여 이로써 대출금을 일부 회수하였는데, 박래식으로부터 위 금 300,000,000원의 변제독촉을 받은 원고는 소외 최병설로부터 금 250,000,000원을 차용하여 박래식에 대한 채무 원리금의 일부를 변제한 사실, 그 후 소외 2가 1992. 10. 2. 중소기업은행으로부터 금 620,000,000원을 대출받아 위 최병설 등에 대한 채무를 변제하지 아니하고 도주하자, 최병설로부터 위 채무의 변제독촉을 받은 원고는 최병설에게 1992. 12. 4.부터 같은 달 31.까지 4회에 걸쳐 참가인의 보호예수업무세칙상 은행이 고객의 유가증권이나 귀중품 등을 보관받은 경우에 이를 증명하는 서류로 발행 교부하도록 되어 있는 보호예수증서의 앞면을 복사한 다음 합계금 250,000,000원 상당의 C/D 또는 정기예금통장을 보관하고 있다는 내용을 기재한 후 대부계 담당대리가 관리하는 지점장 직인을 날인하여 교부한 사실, 최병설은 1993. 3. 30. 및 같은 해 5. 12. 참가인에게 위의 보호예수증서를 제시하고 예수물의 반환을 요구하였으나 거절되자 같은 해 7.경 참가인을 상대로 민사소송까지 제기하였고, 원고는 위의 사금융알선행위로 인하여 1995. 1. 25. 서울형사지방법원 항소부에서 특정경제범죄가중처벌등에관한법률위반죄로 징역 8월에 집행유예 1년의 형을 선고받기까지 한 사실, 참가인의 취업규칙은 직무상의 의무에 위반하여 은행의 명예와 신용을 손상하게 하는 경우, 고의 또는 과실로 업무상의 장해 또는 분쟁을 일으키거나 은행에 손실을 끼쳤을 경우, 행내질서를 어지럽힌 경우를 징계사유로 들고 있고, 상벌규정은 고의 또는 과실로 업무상 장해 또는 분쟁을 야기하거나 은행에 손실을 초래케 한 자, 취업규칙을 비롯한 제 규정, 서약사항 및 지시명령을 위반하여 행내의 질서를 문란케 한 자, 은행의 명예를 훼손하거나 사회적으로 중대한 물의를 일으킨 자, 기타 위법부당한 행위를 한 자는 징계한다고 규정하면서 징계의 기준으로 고의 또는 중대한 과실로 은행에 중대한 손해를 끼치게 하거나 질서를 심히 문란케 한 자, 사고의 유형에 불구하고 동 사고로 중대한 물의를 일으킨 자는 면직한다고 규정하고 있는 사실, 참가인은 원고의 위 보호예수증서 부당 발급 및 지점장 직인 무단사용행위 등이 징계사유에 해당한다고 인정하고, 취업규칙 및 상벌규정에 따라 1993. 5. 15. 원고를 징계면직한 사실 등을 인정한 다음, 원고가 현물을 예수하지 아니한 상태에서 보호예수증서를 복사하여 만든 보호예수증서용지 사본에 허위의 내용을 기재하고 대부계 담당대리가 관리하는 인장을 임의로 찍는 방법으로 위 최병설에게 고액의 보호예수증서를 발행함으로써 후에 위 최병설이 참가인을 상대로 소를 제기하는 사태까지 발생하도록 한 것은 참가인의 상벌규정상의 고의 또는 중대한 과실로 위법 부당한 행위를 하여 은행의 질서를 심히 문란하게 한 경우 및 사고로 중대한 물의를 일으킨 경우에 해당한다고 판단하면서, 원고의 보호예수증서 부정발급의 경위와 규모, 그로 인하여 참가인의 신용과 명예에 미친 영향 등에 비추어 볼 때 원고에 대한 이 사건 징계면직처분은 정당하다고 판단하였다.

기록에 의하여 살펴보면, 원고에 대한 징계사유 등에 관한 원심의 사실인정과 판단은 수긍이 가고, 거기에 채증법칙 위배로 인한 사실오인 또는 징계사유에 관한 법리오해의 위법이 없다.

그리고 원고가 위 최병설로부터 정기예금통장 또는 C/D를 예수한 사실이 없음에도 불구하고 보호예수증서용지를 복사한 다음 거기에 정기예금통장 또는 C/D를 예수하였는데 보호예수증서와 상환하여 예수물을 반환하겠다는 내용의 증서를 작성한 다음 지점장 직인을 날인하여 위 최병설에게 교부한 이상 이를 보호예수증서의 부당발행이라 아니할 수 없고, 지점장 직인의 최종보관책임자가 지점장인 원고라고 하더라도 위와 같이 부당한 보호예수증서를 발행하는 데 사용한 이상 이는 직인의 무단사용이라 할 것이며, 최병설이 참가인에게 위 보호예수증서를 제시하고 예수물의 반환을 요구하고 참가인을 상대로 민사소송까지 제기한 점에 비추어 보면 원고의 위와 같은 비위행위는 참가인의 상벌규정상의 징계면직사유인 '고의 또는 중대한 과실로 위법 부당한 행위를 하여 은행의 질서를 심히 문란케 한 경우' 또는 '사고로 중대한 물의를 일으킨 경우'에 해당한다 할 것이다.

한편 근로자의 어떤 비위행위가 징계사유로 되어 있느냐 여부는 구체적인 자료들을 통하여 징계위원회 등에서 그것을 징계사유로 삼았는가 여부에 의하여 결정되어야 하는 것이지 반드시 징계의결서나 징계처분서에 기재된 취업규칙이나 징계규정 소정의 징계근거 사유만으로 징계사유가 한정되는 것은 아니라 할 것인바( 대법원 1996. 9. 20. 선고 95누15742 판결 참조), 이 사건 징계의결서에 의하면 원고에 대한 징계사유로서 원고가 보호예수증서를 부당하게 발급한 것, 책임자 약인을 무단사용한 것 등이 기재되어 있으나, 이 사건 징계의 경위 등에 비추어 볼 때 원고에 대한 위 징계사유는 보호예수증서 부당 발급이라는 일련의 행위 및 그 결과인 질서문란 및 중대한 물의를 모두 포괄하는 것이라고 할 것이고, 또 부당해고 등의 구제신청에 있어서의 심사의 대상은 근로자에 대한 해고 등의 징벌이 정당한 이유가 있는 것인지의 여부일 뿐이고( 대법원 1992. 5. 22. 선고 91누5884 판결 참조), 징벌이 정당한 이유가 있는지 여부의 판단은 징계위원회에서 징계사유로 삼은 사유에 의하여 판단하여야 하므로( 대법원 1995. 3. 10. 선고 94누11880 판결 참조) 부당해고구제재심판정취소소송에 있어서도 징계위원회에서 징계사유로 삼은 사유에 의하여 징벌이 정당한지 여부를 판단하고, 이에 의하여 부당해고구제재심판정이 징벌의 정당성에 관한 판단을 그르쳤는지 여부를 판단하여야 할 것 인바, 기록에 의하면 중앙노동위원회는 원고가 책임자 약인을 무단사용하여 보호예수증서를 부당하게 발행한 행위로 인하여 참가인이 최병설에 대하여 무슨 책임을 부담한다고 할 수 없음에도 불구하고 원고의 위 보호예수증서 부당발행으로 인하여 참가인에게 금 250,000,000원의 손해를 입혔다고 사실을 인정하고, 이것이 참가인의 취업규칙 및 상벌규정에서 규정한 징계사유에 해당한다고 판단하였으나, 앞서 본 바와 같이 원고가 지점장 직인을 무단사용하고 보호예수증서를 부당하게 발급하여 은행업무의 질서를 문란하게 하고 사회적으로 물의를 일으킨 일련의 행위 및 결과가 이 사건에서의 징계사유로 되어 있고, 이 사건 재심판정에 있어서 원고에 대한 징계사유로 인정한 사실 또한 징계위원회에서 징계사유로 삼은 사유와 기본적 사실관계에 있어서 동일하므로, 원심이 이 사건 징계위원회에서 원고에 대한 징계사유로 삼은 사실을 기초로 하여 이 사건 징계면직처분의 정당성 및 재심판정의 당부를 판단한 것은 옳고, 거기에 부당해고구제재심판정취소소송에서의 심판의 대상에 관한 법리를 오해한 위법이 있다고 할 수 없다.

또 특정경제범죄가중처벌등에관한법률이 금융기관 임직원의 사금융알선행위를 형사처벌의 대상으로 규정하고, 참가인의 보호예수업무세칙이 보호예수증서 발행의 요건과 절차를 엄격하게 규정하고 있는 것은 현대산업사회에서의 자금의 원활하고 적절한 유통을 위한 금융기관의 역할의 중요성에 비추어 금융기관 임직원들로 하여금 이를 반드시 준수하도록 하여 대형 금융사고를 예방하고 금융기관의 명예와 신용을 유지하며 나아가 경제질서를 확립하고 국민경제의 발전을 도모함에 필요한 최소한의 요구라 할 것인바, 원고가 은행 지점장으로서 이를 위반하여 은행업무의 질서를 문란하게 하고 참가인으로 하여금 소송에 휘말리게 하여 사회적 물의를 일으키고 참가인의 명예와 신용을 훼손한 점, 그 위반의 정도와 규모 등에 비추어 보면, 원고 주장의 모든 사정을 참작하더라도 원고에 대한 이 사건 징계면직처분은 정당하다 할 것이고, 거기에 징계재량권을 남용한 위법이 있다고 할 수도 없다.

결국 상고이유의 주장은 모두 그 이유가 없다.

그러므로 상고를 기각하고 상고비용은 패소자인 원고의 부담으로 하기로 관여 법관들의 의견이 일치되어 주문과 같이 판결한다.

대법관 박만호(재판장) 박준서 김형선(주심) 이용훈

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